问题 问答题 论述题

试述田间检验程序与方法。

答案

参考答案:

1.了解情况

(1)了解种子情况检验人员必须熟悉和掌握被检种苗品种的特征特性及在当地的表现情况。

(2)了解种子田情况种子田隔离条件是否符合标准要求,对种子田的总体印象等。

2.划区设点

凡同一品种,同一来源,同一繁殖世代,同一栽培条件的相连地块为一个检验区。一个检验区的最大面积为33.3hm2。大于33.3hm2以上的地块,可根据种子田条件的均匀程度,分设检验区。也可选3~5块作为代表田,代表田的面积不少于供检面积的5%。原种繁殖田,亲本繁殖田,杂交制种田等种子级别较高的地块,取样点数应加倍。

3.取样方法

(1)对角线取样:取样点分布在一条或两条对角线上等距离设点,适用于正方形或长方形地块。

(2)梅花形取样:在田块的中心和四角共设5点,适用于较小的正方形或长方形地块。

(3)棋盘式取样:在田间的纵横方向,每隔一定距离设一取样点,适用于不规则地块。

(4)大垄(畦)取样:垄(畦)作地块,先数总垄数,再按比例每隔一定的垄(畦)设一点,各垄(畦)的点要错开。

4.检验计算

检验员应沿着样区的行进行缓慢检查行走,应避免在阳光强烈或不良的天气下进行检查,在大雨中检查更无意义。记录在田间检验中发现的混杂株。

5.田间检验报告

田间检验完成后,田间检验人员应及时填报田间检验报告。

阅读理解

Celebrity endorsements

Despite the fact that companies believe celebrities had a lot of pull with regard to the buying trends of consumers,researches have discovered that this does not seem to be the case.British and Swiss researchers conducted a study showing that advertisements made by celebrities like David Beckham and Scarlett Johansson are not as effective as those by ordinary people.

In a sample of 298 students,researchers presented a magazine advertisement for a digital camera that was endorsed by a fictional student claiming the camera was“hot”and his “preferred choice”.The same advertisement was shown to other students,but with a difference:The camera was endorsed by a famous person in Germany.

While the students said that both advertisements were beneficial,the one made by the student topped the celebrity one if students aimed to impress others with their purchases.More than half of the students,who admitted purchasing products that would impress others,said they were influenced by the student’s advertisement.Only 20% said the celebrity one would affect their buying decision.

Professor Brett Martin,of the University of Bath’s School of Management,explained that the findings could be used not only in Germany,but in other countries as well.“Our research questions whether celebrities are the best ways to sell products,”said Prof Martin.“Celebrities can be effective but we found that many people were more convinced by an endorsement from a fictional fellow students.This is because many people feel a need to keep up with the Jones when they buy.”

46.Some companies think the celebrities endorsement ____________.

A.is popular with the consumers

B.can pull all the consumers into the shops

C.can affect the consumers’ purchasing

D.is as effective as an endorsement from common people

47.Which of the following ads would be more effective to common consumers, according to the experiment?

A.An ad featuring lovely pandas.            B.An ad made by David Beckham.

C.An ad made by fictional common people.D.An ad with beautiful natural scenery.

48.The underlined words“the Jones”in the last paragragh refer to“____________ ”.

A.someone called Jones                                 B.common people

C.the Jones family                                        D.celebrities

49.We can imply from the passage that ____________.

A.celebrities cheat consumers in advertisement

B.the researchers here are against celebrity endorsement

C.the student’s ads are mole reliable than those made by celebrities

D.company needn’t spend so much money on celebrity endorsement

50.We can probably read the article in____________ .

A.a local newspaper                         B.a science report

C.an academic journal                     D.a textbook

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