问题 问答题 简答题

温度平流对气旋发生发展及移动有什么影响?

答案

参考答案:

气旋生成前,暖平流强度比四周大的地区,有利于地面气压下降,对气旋的生成有利。

气旋生成以后,地面气旋往往位于温度槽落后于气压槽的高空槽槽前,一方面,气旋上空温度平流很小,对气旋发展没有影响,但暖脊处有强的暖平流,使气旋向暖平流大值区移动;另一方面,温压场的这种配置,温度平流有利于高空槽的发展,使槽前的正涡度平流增强,促使气旋发展。

为什么温带气旋常常发生在温度槽落后于气压槽的空中槽前下方?

由ω方程分析可知,涡度平流随高度增加有利于气旋发展,高空槽前有最大的正涡度平流,而其下方地面上涡度平流很小,这样高空槽前下方有利于气旋发展;

在高空,温度槽落后于气压槽,槽附近有强冷平流,有利于高空槽发展,进一步加强了槽前的正涡度平流,使气旋得到发展。

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