问题 材料题

阅读下列材料:

材料一:从波罗的海的斯德丁(什切青)到亚得里亚海边的里雅斯特,一幅横贯欧洲大陆的“铁幕”已经降落下来。这条线背后坐落看中欧古国的首都——华沙、柏林、布拉格、维也纳、布达佩斯、贝尔格莱德、布加勒斯特和索菲亚。所有这些名城及其居民无一不处于苏联的势力范围之内,受莫斯科日益增强的高压控制。——丘吉尔

材料二:应当指出,丘吉尔先生和他的朋友在这方面非常像希特勒及其同伴。希特勒干他发动战争的勾当,是从散布种族理论开始的,说什么只有讲德语的民族才是最优秀的民族。丘吉尔先生干他发动战争的勾当,也是从散布种族理论开始的,他硬说只有讲英语的民族才是最优秀的民族,负有决定世界命运的使命……英国的种族理论使丘吉尔先生和他的朋友得出这样的结论:讲英语的民族是唯一的最优秀的民族,应当统治世界上的其他民族。——斯大林《关于丘吉尔先生的演说和<真理报>记者的谈话》

请回答:

(1)根据材料一,概括丘吉尔的主要观点。

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(2)根据材料二,概括苏联对丘吉尔演说的主要反应。

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(3)根据所学知识,归纳材料一和材料二中与事实不符的现象。

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(4)由材料一、二,你能得出哪些结论?

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答案

(1)中欧各国均被苏联的高压政策所控制。

(2)认为丘吉尔等同于希特勒,是发动战争的罪魁祸首。

(3)材料一过分夸大苏联对中欧的控制,忽视他们间的经济文化交流。材料二过分夸大丘吉尔演讲的危害,因为丘吉尔的演讲没有直接引发侵略战争。

(4)每一个国家的对外政策都服从于各国自身利益;过分夸大一些言论会引起困际动荡和国际关系恶化等。

阅读理解

阅读理解

     As civilization proceeds in the direction of technology, it passes the point of supplying all the basic

essentials of life-food, shelter, clothes and warmth. Then we are faced with a choice between using

technology to provide and fulfill needs which have now been regarded as unnecessary or, on the other

hand, using technology to reduce the number of hours of work which a man must do in order to earn

a given standard of living. In other words, we either raise our standard of living above that necessary

for comfort and happiness or we leave it at this level and work shorter hours.

      I shall take it for granted that mankind has, by that time, chosen the latter alternative. Men will be

working shorter and shorter hours in their paid employment. It follows that the housewife will also

expect to be able to have more leisure in her life without lowering her standard of living. It also follows

that human domestic servants will have completely ceased to exist. Yet the great majority of the

housewives will wish to be relieved completely from the routine operations of the home such as

scrubbing the floors or the bath of the cooker, or washing the clothes or washing up, or dusting or

sweeping, or making beds.

      By far the most logical step to relieve the housewife of routine is to provide a robot which can be

trained to the requirements of a particular home and can be programmed to carry out half a dozen or

more standard operations, when switched by the housewife.

1. As civilization develops in the direction of technology, ________.

A. the basic essentials of life must be supplied

B. it is important to supply the basic essentials of life

C. it is no longer so important as it was in the past to supply all the basic essentials of life

D. it is not necessary to supply the basic essentials of life

2. According to the author, we are faced with________.

A. the choice of providing and fulfilling our needs

B. the choice of using technology

C. the choice of earning a standard of living

D. a choice between using technology to provide and fulfill needs to reduce the number of working hours

3. What alternative will mankind have chosen in future?

A. To leave our standard of living at this level and work shorter hours.

B. To raise our standard of living.

C. To fulfill needs which have been regarded as unnecessary.

D. To lower our standard of living and work shorter hours.

4. Now most housewives wish to________.

A. stop doing their housework

B. do more housework to improve their life

C. get rid of the heavy burden of their housework

D. do only simple and light housework

5. It can be inferred that robots will be invented_________.

A. to take the place of housewives

B. to help manage a family

C. to do the routine of housework instead of human

D. to provide the daily necessities for man

问答题 简答题