问题 问答题 简答题

简述日本20世纪80年代教育改革的措施。

答案

参考答案:

1987年10月,“教育改革实施本部”在内阁会议上提出了《关于当前教育改革的具体措施——推进教育改革大纲》,其措施主要是:

(1)完善终身学习体制,其中包括制定“终身学习振兴法”。

(2)改革初等、中等教育,包括充实、改善道德教育在内的课程设置。

(3)改革高等教育,使高等教育开放化,重新改组大学审议会,重新制定“大学设置基准”。

(4)振兴学术,推进基础研究,充实研究生院,增加科学研究补助金,增设大学共同利用的研究机构。

(5)适应教育国际化的要求,加强教员和学术的交流,改进留学生制度,扩大招收外国留学生,改革接收归侨子女教育体制。

(6)为适应信息化而进行改革,树立信息道德,提高对信息价值的认识;建立信息化社会性系统。

(7)改革教育行政和教育财政。

(8)建立教育改革推进体制。

(9)扶植私学,通过“公私协作的方式”即民办公助方式、税制上的优惠、育英奖学金等在经费上予以补助,重视并积极支持私立学校中具有特色的教育研究项目。

阅读理解

Thirteen, for me, was a challenging year. My parents divorced and I moved to a new town with my father, far from my old family and friends. I was terribly lonely mad and would cry myself to sleep each night. To ease my sadness, my father purchased an old horse for me at a local auction. I named him Cowboy.

Cowboy was without a doubt the ugliest horse in the world. But I didn’t care. I loved him beyond all reason.

I joined a riding club and suffered rude comments and mean snickers(窃笑) about Cowboy’s looks. I never let on about how I felt, but deep inside, my heart was breaking. The other members rode beautiful, registered horses.

When Cowboy and I entered the events where the horse was judged on appearance, we were quickly shown the gate. No amount of preparation and love would turn Cowboy into a beauty. My only chance to compete would be in the speed events. I chose the jumping race.

One girl named Becky rode a big brown horse in the race events. She always won the blue ribbons. Needless to say, she didn’t feel threatened when I competed against her at the next show. She didn’t need to. I came in next to last.

The stinging memory of Becky’s smirks made me determined to beat her. For the whole next month I woke up early every day and rode Cowboy five miles to the arena (赛马场). We practiced running and jumping for hours in the hot sun and then I would walk Cowboy home totally exhausted.

All of our hard work didn’t make me feel confident by the time the show came. I sat at the gate and sweated it out while I watched Becky and her horse charge through the course and finish in first place.

My turn finally came. I put on my hat, rubbed Cowboy’s neck and entered the arena. At the signal, we dashed toward the first fence, jumped it without trouble and raced on to the next one. Cowboy then flew over the second, third and fourth fences like a bird and I turned him toward the finish line.

As we crossed the line the crowd was shocked into silence. Cowboy and I had beaten Becky and her fancy horse by two seconds!

I gained much more than a blue ribbon that day. At thirteen, I realized that no matter what the odds, I’d always come out a winner if I wanted something badly enough to work for it.

小题1: The underlined expression "shown the gate" (paragraph 4) most probably means "     __________".

A.told how to enter the arena

B.shown how to make the horse beautiful

C.removed from the competition early

D.told to enter the timed-speed events小题2: Why was the writer not confident of victory?

A.He was an inexperienced rider.

B.He had not practiced enough.

C.He believed he was unpopular with the crowd.

D.He thought his horse wasn’t as good as the others. 小题3:When the final race finished, nobody cheered because____________.

A.the audience didn’t like Cowboy

B.people envied the writer

C.the win was unexpected

D.the writer had run out of time小题4:What did the writer learn from his experience?

A.Life can sometimes be unfair.

B.Anything is possible if one tries hard enough.

C.A positive attitude will bring success.

D.One should not make judgments based on appearance. 小题5:The best title for the story is ___________.         .

A.A Race to Remember

B.A Horse’s Tale

C.Neck and Neck

D.A Difficult Age 

单项选择题