问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成12—16题。(20分)

魔    盒

(英)大卫·洛契佛特

在一抹缠绵而又朦胧的夕照的映衬下,我四周高耸着的伦敦城的房顶和烟囱,似乎就像监狱围墙上的雉堞。从我三楼的窗户鸟瞰,景色并不令人怡然自得——庭院满目萧条,死气沉沉的秃树刺破了暮色。远处,有口钟正在铮铮报时。

  这每一下钟声仿佛都在提醒我:我是初次远离家乡。这一年,我刚从爱尔兰的克尔克兰来伦敦碰运气。眼下,一阵乡愁流遍了我全身——这是一种被重负压得喘不过气来的伤心的感觉。

这是我一生中最沮丧的时刻。接着突然响起敲门声。

  来人是女房东贝格斯太太。刚才她带我上楼看房时,我们只是匆匆见过一面。她身材纤细,银丝满头;我开门时她举目望了望我,又冲没有灯光的房间扫了一眼。

  “就坐在这样一片漆黑中,是吗?”我这才想起,我居然懒得开灯。“瞧,还套着那件沉甸甸的外衣!”她带着母亲般的慈爱拉了拉我的衣袖,一边嗔怪着,“你就下楼来喝杯热茶吧。噢,我看你是喜欢喝茶的。”

  贝格斯太太的客厅活像狄更斯笔下的某一场景。……她一边准备茶具一边说,“ 你进屋时我注意到了你手提箱上的标签。我这一辈子都在接待旅客。我看你的心境不佳。”

  当我坐下和这位旅客的贴心人交谈时,我的忧郁感渐渐被她那不断地殷勤献上的热茶所驱散了。

  随后,我告诉贝格斯太太我必须告辞了。然而她却坚持临走前给我看一样东西。她在桌上放了一只模样破旧的纸板盒——有鞋盒一半那么大小,显然十分“年迈”了,还用磨损的麻绳捆着。“这就是我最宝贵的财产了,”她一边向我解释,一边几乎是带有敬意地抚摸着盒子,“对我来说,它比皇冠上的钻石更为宝贵。真的!”

  我估计,这破盒里也许装有什么珍贵的纪念品。是的,连我自己的手提箱里也藏有几件小玩意——它们是感情上的无价之宝。

  “这盒子是我亲爱的母亲赠给我的,”她告诉我,“那是在1912年的某个早上,那天我第一次离家。妈妈嘱咐我要永远珍惜它——对我来说,它比什么都珍贵。……“这盒子已经历过两次世界大战了。”贝格斯太太继续说:“1917年凯撒的空袭,后来德国法西斯的轰炸……我都把它随身带到防空洞里。房屋损失了我并不在乎——我就怕失去这盒子。”

  我感到十分好奇,贝格斯太太任然津津乐道地说:“此外,我从来没有揭开过盖子。”她的目光越过镜片好笑地打量着我:“您能猜出里面有什么吗?”

  我困惑地摇了摇头。无疑,她最珍惜的财产当然是非凡之物。她忙着又给我倒了点热气腾腾的茶,接着端坐在安乐椅上,默默地注视着我——似乎在思索着如何选词来表达自己的意思。                                           ①

  然而,她的回答却简单得令人吃惊——“什么也没有,”她说,“这里头空空如也,什么也没有!”

  一个空盒!天哪,究竟为啥将这么一个玩意当做宝贝珍藏,而且珍藏达40年之久呢?我隐隐约约地怀疑起来,这位仁慈的老太太是否稍稍有点性格古怪?

  “一定感到奇怪,是吧?”贝格斯太太说,“这么多年来我一直珍藏着这么一个似乎是无用的东西。不错,这里头的确是空的。”                                     ②

这时我朗声大笑了起来——我不想再将此事刨根究底地追问个水落石出。

  “没错,是空的。”她认真地说,“40年前,我妈将这盒子合上捆紧,同时也将世上最甜蜜的地方——家的声响、家的气味和家的场景统统关在里头了。自此以后,我一直没将盒子打开过。我觉得这里头仍然充满了这些无价之宝呢。”

  这是一只装满了天伦之乐的盒子!和所有纪念品相比较,它无疑既独特又不朽——相片早已褪色,鲜花也早已化作尘土,只有家,却依然如自己的手指那么亲近!

  贝格斯太太现在不再盯着我了,她注视着这陈旧的包裹,指头轻抚盒盖,陷入沉思之中。

又过了一会儿——还是在那晚,我又一次眺望着伦敦城。灯火在神奇地闪烁着,这地方似乎变得亲切得多了。我心中的忧郁大多已经消失。我苦笑着想到:这是被贝格斯太太那

滚烫的茶冲跑的。此外,我心中又升腾起一个更深刻的思想——我明白了,每个人离家时总会留下一点属于他的风味;同时,就像贝格斯太太那样,[][][][][][][][][][][][][],这也是完全办得到的。                                   

(本文有删节)

12.概括第一段所写景物的特点并简析其作用。(4分)

______________________________________________

13.指出三处画线词语“似乎”在句中所起的作用。(3分)

似乎①:______________________________________________

似乎②:______________________________________________

似乎③:_______________________________________________

14.联系全文,在空格内写一句话,要求连贯、生动,能揭示主旨。(不超过15字)(3分)

[][][][][][][][][][][][][]

15.有人建议把标题“魔盒”改为“贝格斯太太”,你认为哪一个合适,谈谈你的看法。(5分)

16.赏析文中贝格斯太太的形象。(不超过100字)(5分)

[][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][][]

答案

12. 特点:封闭压抑,阴沉死寂。

作用:营造忧伤、压抑的氛围,渲染“我”孤独、烦闷的心情。

13. ①显示人物的情态。 ②表示对魔盒作用的肯定。 ③ 反映“我”的情感和心理变化。

14. 永远随身带着一点老家的气息(原文)

15. 看法一:以“魔盒”为题更合适。理由:①制造悬念,吸引读者;②作为线索,贯穿全文;③形象生动,具有象征意味。

看法二:以“贝格斯太太”为题更合适。理由:①贝格斯太太是全文主人公,以此为题,可突出人物形象;②小说中人物关系单纯,以此为题,更能紧扣中心;③外国经典作品常以人物姓名为题。

16.①热爱故土,珍视亲情;②淳朴善良,热情爽直。③观察敏锐,善解人意。

 

名词解释
完形填空

Some personal characteristics play an important role in the development of one’s intelligence . But people fail to realize the importance of training these factors in young people .

The so-called ‘non-intelligence factors’(非智力因素)include    36     feelings , will , motivation (动机), interests and habits . After a 30-year follow-up study of 8000 males , American psychologists (心理学)   37     that the main cause of disparities in intelligence is not intelligence     38    , but non-intelligence factors including the desire to learn , will power and self-confidence .

39    people all know that one should have definite objectives , a strong will and good learning habits , quite a number of teachers and parents don’t pay much attention to     40    these factors .

Some parents are greatly worried    41     their children fail to do well in their studies . They blame either genetic (遗传的)factors , malnutrition ,(营养不良)or laziness , but they never take     42    consideration these non-intelligence factors . At the same time , some teachers don’t inquire into these , as reasons    43     students do poorly . They simply give them more courses and exercises , or     44    criticize or laugh at them . After all , these students lose self-confidence . Some of them just feel defeated and     45    themselves up as hopeless . Others may go astray(迷途)because they are sick of learning .   46     investigation of more than 1,000 middle school students in Shanghai showed that 46.5 per cent of them were   47      of learning , because of examinations , 36.4 per cent lacked persistence , initiative (主动)and consciousness (正直地、谨慎的)and 10.3 per cent were sick of learning .

It is clear    48     the lack of cultivation (培养) of non-intelligence factors has been a main     49    to intelligence development in teenagers . It even causes an imbalance between physiological (生理的)and    50     development among a few students .

If we don’t start now to   51      the cultivation of non-intelligence factors , it will not only affect the development of the   52      of teenagers , but also affect the quality of a whole generation . Some experts have put forward    53     about how to cultivate students’ non-intelligence factors .

First , parents and teachers should    54     understand teenage psychology . On this basis , they can help them to pursue (调动)the objectives of learning ,     55   their interests and toughening their willpower .

36.A.one’s                     B.their                             C.his                         D.her

37.A.came out                B.found out                  C.made out                D.worked out

38.A.in itself                  B.by itself                 C.itself                      D.on its own

39.A.Though                  B.Nevertheless            C.However                D.Moreover

40.A.believing                      B.studying                 C.cultivating              D.developing

41.A.about                     B.when                     C.how                       D.whether

42.A.for                        B.in                          C.into                        D.over

43.A.why                             B.that                       C.when                     D.how

44.A.ever                             B.even                      C.still                       D.more

45.A.put                        B.get                         C.handle                   D.give

46.A.The                       B.An                         C.Another                  D.A

47.A.afraid                    B.ahead                     C.aware                    D.ashamed

48.A.that                       B.how                       C.why                       D.which

49.A.difficulty                      B.question                 C.threat                     D.obstacle(障碍)

50.A.intelligent              B.characteristic          C.psychological         D.physical

51.A.practise                B.thrust                     C.strengthen              D.urge

52.A.intelligence            B.diligence                 C.maturity(成熟)   D.performance

53.A.projects                 B.warnings                C.suggestions             D.decision

54.A.fully                      B.greatly                   C.very                             D.highly

55.A.insuring                 B.going                     C.encouraging           D.exciting