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海陆过渡相沉积主要类型是什么?

答案

参考答案:

海陆过渡相的典型代表是三角洲沉积。三角洲地处河流入海口,形成尖头向陆的大型锥状沉积体。三角洲水动力条件复杂,既受河流作用的影响,又受海盆波浪,潮汐,岸流作用的影响,因受控因素的差别可以形成形态各异的三角洲相沉积体。以河流作用为主的河控三角洲,形成岛足状或朵状三角洲,以波浪为主的浪控三角洲,形成向海凸出的弧状堆积体;以潮汐作用为主的潮控三角洲,其特征是形成喇叭状的分流河口,与退潮流大致平行的,呈放射状分布的指状潮沙脊。三角洲自陆向海分为三个带:三角洲平原带,为三角洲的陆上沉积部分,由分流河道和洪水泛滥作用的沉积物组成,主要有湖泊,沼泽等亚相,分流河道与河流沉积相似,是一个向上变细的层序,底部由含砾砂岩组成,与下伏岩层冲刷接触,向上为具槽状交错层理的砂岩,规模(厚度)向上变小,顶部为小流水波痕交错层理的粉砂岩,再往上为湖沼沉积的细粉砂岩、泥岩、炭质泥岩、煤层。三角洲平原70%以上被沼泽覆盖,是成煤环境。三角洲前缘为潮下浪基面以上的三角洲水下部分,由下而上沉积物颗粒变粗,沉积层理规模(厚度)变大,具有典型的契状交错层理,可以含有陆,海两种类型的生物化石,由河口坝、远砂坝、分流间湾等亚相组成。前三角洲位于三角洲前缘前方浪基面以下,属加厚的海底沉积,以悬浮沉积为主,粉砂质与泥质互层,前者是河流洪泛期带来的沉积物。前三角洲沉积物颜色较深,富含有机质及生物化石。是重要的生油岩。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Last Saturday, my classmates and I went to the Hada Hill for a picnic (野餐) On that day, the weather was fine and the sky was clear and blue, so all of us were excited and happy. We left home and went

there by bike with fruit, eggs, meat, vegetables, cookers (炊具) and some other things.      

     About one hour later, we arrived at the foot of he hill. There were many nice flowers and green trees.

Birds were singing sweet songs, How happy we were ! Then we were busy with the picnic.  Some of us

got water,  some cut the meat and vegetables and some cooked, others sat on the grass to wait for a nice

lunch. At one o'clock in the afternoon, our lunch was ready.

     After lunch, at three o'clock, we began to climb the hill. We all tried to climb to the top of the hill.

What a happy time we had! I will never forget it.

根据短文内容,选择正确答案。

l. What did they go to the Hada Hill for?

A. Having a picnic.    

B. Seeing nice flowers.

C. Eating some fruit.    

D. Seeing green trees.

2. What was the weather like that day?

A. Rainy.        

B. Windy.

C. Fine.          

D. Cloudy.

3. How were they feeling that day?

A. Excited and happy.

B. Bored and tired.

C. Disappointed and tired.

D. Busy and bored.

4.  About an hour after leaving home, they _             

A. went back from the hill

B. got to the top of the hill

C. got to the foot of the hill

D. began to sing and dance

5. When was the lunch ready?

A. At l:00 p.m.        

B. At 3:00 p.m.

C. At 5:00 p.m.        

D. At 4:00 p.m.

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