搜题请搜索小程序“爱下问搜题”
问题 问答题 简答题

简述泥浆流变参数及其表示的意义？

答案

参考答案：

（1）静切力：使钻井液开始流动所需要的最低切应力，它是钻井液静止时单位面积上所形成的连续空间网架结构强度的量度。

（2）动切应力：反映钻井液处于层流状态时钻井液中网架结构强度的量度。

（3）塑性粘度：指体系中结构拆散速度等于恢复速度时的粘度。

（4）表观粘度：指在某一流速梯度下剪切应力与相应流速梯度的比值。

默写题

按课文内容填空。

1．                                  ，竹溪村路板桥斜。

2．                                  ，寸金难买寸光阴。

3．少壮不努力，                            。

4．漠漠水田飞白鹭，                                 。

5．碧玉妆成一树高，                                 。

6．                                 ，白首方悔读书迟。
查看答案
单项选择题

Electronic mail has become an extremely important and popular means of communication.
The convenience and efficiency of electronic mail are threatened by the extremely rapid growth in the volume of unsolicited commercial electronic mail. Unsolicited commercial electronic mail is currently estimated to account for over half of all electronic mail traffic, up from an estimated 7 percent in 2001, and the volume continues to rise. Most of these messages are fraudulent or deceptive in one or more respects.
The receipt of unsolicited commercial electronic mail may result in costs to recipients who cannot refuse to accept such mail and who incur costs for the storage of such mail, or for the time spent accessing, reviewing, and discarding such mail, or for both. The receipt of a large number of unwanted messages also decreases the convenience of electronic mail and creates a risk that wanted electronic mail messages, both commercial and noncommercial, will be lost, overlooked, or discarded amidst the larger volume of unwanted messages, thus reducing the reliability and usefulness of electronic mail to the recipient. Some commercial electronic mail contains material that many recipients may consider vulgar or pornographic in nature.
The growth in unsolicited commercial electronic mail imposes significant monetary costs on providers of Internet access services, businesses, and educational and nonprofit institutions that carry and receive such mail, as there is a finite volume of mail that such providers, businesses, and institutions can handle without further investment in infrastructure. Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail purposefully disguise the source of such mail.
Many senders of unsolicited commercial electronic mail purposefully include misleading information in the messages’ subject lines in order to induce the recipients to view the messages. While some senders of commercial electronic mail messages provide simple and reliable ways for recipients to reject (or "opt-out" of) receipt of commercial electronic mail from such senders in the future, other senders provide no such "opt-out" mechanism, or refuse to honor the requests of recipients not to receive electronic mail from such senders in the future, or both.
Many senders of bulk unsolicited commercial electronic mail use computer programs to gather large numbers of electronic mail addresses on an automated basis from Internet websites or online services where users must post their addresses in order to make full use of the website or service.
The problems associated with the rapid growth and abuse of unsolicited commercial electronic mail cannot be solved by the government alone. The development and adoption of technological approaches and the pursuit of cooperative efforts with other countries will be necessary as well.

According to the passage, efficiency of e-mail is threatened by ______.

A. heavy e-mail traffic
B. fraudulent e-mail messages
C. large volume of messages
D. increasing amount of unwanted e-mail
查看答案