问题 问答题 简答题

简述食品添加剂的利弊权衡。

答案

参考答案:

理想的食品添加剂应当是有益无害,但绝对安全也不现实。事实上,即使食品也并非绝对安全。某些食物成分(如豆类中所含植物凝集素和胰蛋白酶抑制剂等)本身就对人体有害。而营养强化剂虽为人体所需,但过量使用可引起过剩性中毒。这就要求人们将其所带来的益处与可能的危害进行权衡,尤其是将其可能带来的危害置于可供选择的使用及与整个食品供给的总体关系中来加以考虑。在食品添加剂中的确也还有少数毒性较大、对人体健康具有较大威胁的品种,亚硝酸盐就是一例,但它长期以来一直被作为肉类制品的护色剂应用,具有独特的护色、防腐、增加风味之功效,迄今未找到理想替代品。对此,利弊权衡后则采取:

①严格控制其使用范围、使用量和残留量;

②添加合适的护色助剂阻止亚硝胺的生成并减低亚硝酸盐的用量。总之,只要严格遵照国家有关规定使用食品添加剂,其安全性既可得到保证,而且还可在尽量发挥其有益作用的同时,最大限度地消除其可能给人类带来的不良影响。

阅读理解

MAINE

by J. Courtney Sullivan, fiction, $26

The Kellehers are a big, disorderly family who sometimes seem to have only one thing in common: love for their beach house in Maine. Lie there with this novel and listen to a summer’s worth of secrets, quarrels, and misunderstandings.

WHAT I LEARNED WHEN I ALMOST DIED

by Chris Licht, nonfiction, $23

The energetic co-creator of MSNBC’s “Morning Joe” was unprepared for the pain, fear, and helplessness he felt after suffering a brain bleed. But as he detailed in this outspoken, thoughtful book, the lessons he took from the event surprised him the most.

FIRE AND RAIN

by David Browne, nonfiction, $26

This book transports you back to a year — the 1970 of Apollo 13, the first Earth Day — and the turning point of albums by the Beatles, James Taylor, and Crosby, Stills and Nash that provided the sound for a new decade. Rolling Stone contributing editor Browne artfully describes the creation of these classic songs.

LONG DRIVE HOME

by Will Allison, fiction, $22

A moment of anger has life-and-death consequences in this beautifully written novel. Being angry with a speeding teenage driver, Dad Glen Bauer makes a turn of his car in response, causing an accident in which the other driver dies. It’s a story about guilt, responsibility, and how mistrust can tear a loving family apart.

JESSICA LOST

by Bunny Crumpacker and J.S. Picariello, memoir (回忆录),$25

Two authors — a woman who gave up a baby for adoption and the child herself — write alternating chapters in this memoir, which takes readers on a 50-year journey through their separate lives, their meeting, and their following relationship. Its account is both original and heartbreaking.

小题1: Which of the following is TURE according to the text?

A.MAINE talks about a loving happy family.

B.WHAT I LEARNED WHEN I ALMOST DIED is a novel.

C.JSSICA LOST is about a mother and her daughter.

D.LONG DRIVE HOME is written in the first person.小题2:. Which of the following may be favored by music lovers?

A.MAINE.

B.FIRE AND RAIN.

C.LONG DRIVE HOME.

D.JESSICA LOST.小题3:The text is most probably a(n) _______.

A.advertisement.

B.literary research report.

C.Collection of novels

D.book review

单项选择题