问题 问答题 简答题

简述森林土壤水分贮存。

答案

参考答案:森林对降雨进行第三次分配后,降雨的一部分变成地表径流,其余部分被土壤贮存。贮存的水分被植物吸收利用、蒸发,还有部分成为土内径流,最终进入河槽或变成地下水贮存起来。

土壤水分贮存的两种形式:

一是吸持贮存---在不饱和土壤中,水依靠毛管吸持力贮存。其水分供植物根系吸收蒸腾或最后被蒸发掉,与径流和地下水供给不发生关系。吸持贮存的上限是田间持水量。

二是滞留贮存----饱和土壤中自由重力水在非毛管孔隙(大孔隙)中暂时贮存,称滞留贮存。这些水分属于通过深层渗透进入地下水或土内径流或深层土壤再分配的部分。这两种形式贮存的水量分别叫做吸持贮存量和滞留贮存量,二者合称土壤贮存水量或森林蓄水量。

单项选择题 A3/A4型题
阅读理解

Do you have any skiing equipment you no longer need? A ski school in the far north of India could put it to good use.

In March we published a photo story about the extraordinary Zsnskar region in northern India,which is cut off from the outside world for more than seven months of the year,and only accessible (可通行的)via a frozen river.We also included information about the limited use of skiing in the region and the recent creation of the Zanskar Ski School:

“Despite the difficulties of travelling through the region when the snow comes,skiing hasn’t traditionally been used as a means of transport by the locals,largely because trees don't grow here, so there is little in the way of raw materials from which to make skis.In 1995, a group of British scientists in the region noticed the lack of skis and one of them returned to set up the Zanskar Ski School in Padam.The school provides lessons for a small fee and rents skis to the local people. Among the benefits that the school hopes to bring are improved education—children often find it difficult to get to school through the deep snow—and the possibility of offering ski tours to tourists in the future.So far,more than 300 local people have received training,and local doctors and policemen regularly borrow skis.”

But what we weren't able to include in the article is that the ski school is always on the look out for old skiing equipment—particularly of a size suitable for children—and, I thought. Now the European ski season is drawing to a close,there might be a few of you out there who have some old equipment you'd like to see go to a good home.If that's the ease you can get in touch with the school via their website www.zanskarski school.org.

小题1:What's the purpose in writing the text?

A.To raise money to develop this area

B.To attract more tourists to the area

C.To appeal to more locals to attend the school

D.To ask people to give away their skis to the school小题2:The local people don't use skiing to go about because             .

A.it is against the local custom

B.they don't have the wood to make skis

C.trees are in the way of the skiing route

D.it is dangerous to go skiing in this region小题3: Who would be the most helpful to the school now?

A.People having old skiing equipment.

B.Students in the Zanskar Ski School

C.Locals in Zanskar region

D.Tavellers enjoying skiing小题4:What can be the best title for the text?

A.An extraordinary region in India

B.A home for old skis

C.A good means of transport

D.A popular sport—skiing