问题 填空题

Small dogs generally live longer than big dogs so that yappy Yorkshire terrier next door could be around for a long time. But body size isn’t the only factor that (36) how long dogs survive. Personality influences life span, too, according to a new study that might help explain how animal (37) evolve.
Research on animals from ants to apes has found that different (38) have different personalities. Some are timid, others (39) . Biologists have proposed that temperaments evolved along with life history. (40) , violent animals use a lot of energy fast in (41) short lives, the thinking goes, whereas calmer animals last longer, saving themselves to (42) later in life.
But it’s hard to run evolutionary (43) on these personalities in anything longer lived than a fruit fly. So evolutionary biologist Vincent Careau of Universit6 de Sherbrooke in Canada came up with an idea: dogs. "All these breed differences reflect an experiment on artificial selection," says Careau. (44) , but from generations of humans crossbreeding and selecting animals with traits---the ability to chase foxes into holes, or herd sheep, or sit attractively on a sofa.
But evolutionary physiologist Joseph Williams of Ohio State University in Columbus isn’t convinced that (45) . "For me, it still remains to be seen. Dogs are contrary to what you would expect in nature in terms of longevity," he says. Elephants live for decades, (46) . On the other hand, a Chihuahua will generally outlast a Saint Bernard.

答案

参考答案:characters

解析:[听时猜测] 分析句子结构,如果animal是中心词,evolve则应该加s,可见确定此处缺少主语用animal修饰,所以需要填入一个名词。
[答题要诀] 语义推断题[考频:49] 。前文提到Personality influences life p,后文则表明新的研究可能有助于解释这一现象。本文重点讨论动物的性格是如何影响寿命的,可推测这一现象应该与动物的性格有关,所填名词应该与前面的personality是同义同。结合录音不难填出characters“性格”。

材料分析题

阅读材料,完成下题:

2011年中央经济工作会议提出,2012年我国将坚持不懈抓好“三农”工作,增强农产品供给保障能力。近年来,党和国家坚持把“三农”工作放在重中之重,高度重视粮食生产,加大对粮食生产的支持力度,努力推进农业增产、农民增收、农村发展。国家先后出台了提高粮食收购价格、增加粮食生产补贴、支持粮食主产区利益补偿等系列措施,保护耕地,推广农业科技,在全国开展粮食稳定增产行动。这些政策措施有力地调动了广大农民务农种粮的积极性,赢得了连续多年的粮食生产丰收。(见下图)

注:与以往的恢复性增产不同,2011年的粮食增产是在2010年粮食产量较大幅度恢复性增产、产量基数很高的基础上实现的,达到了2020年粮食产能规划水平。

(1)上图反映了哪些经济现象?

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(2)坚持不懈抓好“三农”工作,对落实国家提出的“稳增长、控物价、调结构、惠民生”方针有着重要意义。请运用经济常识说明其中两个方面的意义。

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(3)运用国家职能和社会主义现代化建设必须坚持党的领导的知识分析说明上述材料。

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单项选择题