问题 问答题 简答题

概念:气团、气团变性、锋、冷锋、暖锋、准静止锋、锢囚锋、寒潮、台风、雷暴、龙卷

答案

参考答案:

气团:气象要素(主要指温度、湿度和大气静力稳定度)在水平分布比较均匀的大范围空气团。

气团变性:气团形成后,当它离开源地移到另一地区时,由于下垫面性质以及物理过程的改变,使气团的物理属性发生变化,这种气团物理属性改变的过程称为气团变性。

锋:冷暖两种不同性质的气团相遇时,在两气团之间存在一个过渡带,其间气象要素发生剧烈改变,称该过渡带为锋。

冷锋:锋面在移动过程中,冷气团起主导作用,推动锋面向暖气团一侧移动。

暖锋:锋面在移动过程中,暖气团起主导作用,推动锋面向冷气团一侧移动。

准静止锋:冷暖气团势力相当,锋面很少移动,有时冷气团占主导地位,有时暖气团占主导地位,使锋面处于来回摆动状态。

锢囚锋:当三种冷暖性质不同的气团(如暖气团、较冷气团、更冷气团)相遇时,可以产生两个锋面,前面是暖锋,后面是冷锋,如果冷锋移动速度快,追上前方的暖锋,或两条冷锋迎面相遇,并逐渐合并起来,使地面完全被冷气团所占据,原来的暖气团被迫抬离地面,锢囚到高空,这种由两条锋相遇合并所形成的锋称为锢囚锋。

寒潮:当盘踞在高纬度地区上空的冷空气,突然离开源地,大规模南移时,所经之地产生大风、剧烈降温、霜冻等灾害性天气,这种大范围的强烈冷空气活动,称为寒潮。

台风:发生在热带海洋上,近中心最大持续风速达12级以上,具有暖中心结构的强烈气旋性涡旋,总是伴有狂风暴雨,常给受影响的地区造成严重的灾害。

雷暴:是由旺盛积雨云所引起的伴有闪电、雷鸣和强阵雨的局地风暴。

龙卷:从雷暴云底向下伸展并且到达地面的漏斗状涡旋云柱叫做“龙卷”。

阅读理解

Eight in 10 Americans eat fast food at least once a month and half eat it every week according, to a Gallup Poll. Yet most people who eat fast food know it’s bad for them. So why do they keep eating it?

The answer is simple: the benefits of eating fast food outweigh the long-term implications for most people. However, once you read these reasons why all those trips to the drive through may be slowly killing you, you may just want to stop eating fast food after all.

1. Fast food makes you fat.

A 15-year study of over 3,000 people found that eating fast food is linked to weight gain and insulin resistance. In others words, fast food makes you fat and increases your risk of type 2 diabetes. You probably know this already. But here’s something you may not know.

2. Fast food is addictive.

The more you eat fast food, the more you crave it. One study found that fast food is “a potentially addictive substance that is most likely to create dependence in vulnerable populations.” If you eat fast food once a week or more, you may be addicted to it.

3. Fast food is affecting your kids.

According to the CDC, childhood obesity has more than doubled in children and tripled in adolescents in the past 30 years. Kids have an amazing ability to recall ads they’ve seen. Fast food marketers know this, and design ads accordingly. Research shows strong associations between increases in advertising for non-nutritious foods and rates of childhood obesity.

4. Fast food “burgers” don’t have much burger in them.

One study found that most fast food burgers are composed of about 50 percent water and the actual meat content is only 2.1 to 14.8 percent. So what makes up the rest of it, you ask? Chemical fillers and preservatives, mostly. That’s why we see read horror stories about burgers that don’t go bad.

5. Even “healthy” fast food isn’t that healthy.

Fast food restaurants are catering to consumer demands to produce healthier options. The problem is, their definition of “healthy” is quite lax. One of the healthiest dishes at Burger King, the Garden Fresh Salad Chicken Caesar with TENDERGRILL Chicken and dressing, still has almost 500 calories and 28 grams of fat, and nearly a day’s worth of sodium.

6. Fast food is inhumane to animals.

Okay, this one may not be a reason why fast is killing you, but it’s still a compelling reason to stop eating fast food. 9 billion animals were slaughtered in the US alone in 2012 and much of that meat is for your fast food burgers and chicken sandwiches. Large factory farms resemble more of a “business” than a “farm.” Animals suffer in crowded spaces where they rarely have access to the outdoors or sunlight. They are pumped full of antibiotics to combat disease, which runs rampant in these conditions. Livestock is one of the biggest sources of pollution and environmental negligence, according to the UN.

7. Fast food sodas are loaded with sugar.

High fructose corn syrup (HFCS) is the cheap sweetener most fast food restaurants use in their sodas, desserts, and many other products. Princeton University researchers linked HFCS consumption to obesity in an animal study. Rats given HFCS gained more weight and body fat than those given table sugar.

小题1:How many factors are mentioned which can account for the reason why fast food is slowly killing you?

A.Seven.

B.Three.

C.Four.

D.Five.小题2:According to the text, we know that_____.

A.many people keep eating fast food because they know nothing about the harm which fast food will bring them

B.fast food plays a key role in children’s growth

C.eating fast food is connected to weight gain and insulin resistance.

D.many fast food restaurants are can offer a good and healthy meal to consumer小题3:What is the purpose of the passage?

A.To help us make right decisions

B.To advise us to stop eating fast food

C.To tell us how to keep fit

D.To encourage us to be humane to animals

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