问题 问答题

试分析首因效应的产生原因。

答案

参考答案:一种解释认为,之所以最初获得的信息及由此信息形成的第一印象在总印象形成过程中作用更大,是因为在最初接触陌生人时,人们注意力的投入完全而充分,因而此时的印象更鲜明、强烈。对后继的信息,人们的注意力会游离,信息的影响作用下降。
(2)社会心理学研究发现,应当提醒人们注意新信息,不要形成不成熟印象,或者让人们在每次获得新信息时,都重新考虑他们的印象等,以防止首因效应形成的印象偏差。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     A well-dressed (衣着很好) man goes into a  restaurant one day. He sits down at a table near

the window.

     A waiter comes up to him and says ,"Can I help you , sir?"

     The man says. "Yes. please. Can I see the menu (菜单)?"

     "Certainly," answers the waiter. The man .wants a good meal .and he Wants a lot office dishes.

After a moment, the waiter brings them to him. The man is having his meal happily. At this time, a boy

comes in and sits down besides the man. He asks the waiter to give him an ice cream. The man says,

"I will be back in 5 minutes. "Then he goes out. After the boy eats his ice cream,the boy stands up ad

goes to the door. "Excuse me, your father did not give the money for the meal and your ice cream,

"The waiter stops him and says .

      "Father? You are wrong. He is not my father. I do not know him. I met him in the street. He said

he would give me an ice cream if I came here at twelve o'clock."

1. The man comes to the restaurant ______.     

A. to meet the boy 

B. to buy a newspaper

C. to eat an ice cream

D. to have a good meal

2. The man has ______ in the restaurant.   

A. breakfast

B. lunch

C. supper

D. dinner

3. ______ asked the boy to come to the restaurant.     

A. The waiter

B. The boy's father

C. The man 

D. Nobody

4. The waiter stops the boy because ______.     

A. the man didn't pay for the meal and the ice cream     

B. the boy didn't have the meal     

C. the boy's father came back soon

D. the boy wanted to run away

5. Which of the following is TRUE?    

A. The boy is the man's son.     

B. The boy knows the man very well.     

C. The waiter pays the meal and the ice cream.

D. The man is a cheat (骗子). 

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