问题 问答题

某一液压系统,其原理图如图1所示,问:

(1)试写出职能符号1、2、3、4、5的名称和作用。

(2)试述系统的功能及职能符号3处于三个不同位置的工作过程,

答案

参考答案:

(1)各职能符号的名称和作用如下:

1——单向定量液压泵(油缸)。可将驱动它工作的电动机输入的机械能转换为流动油液的压力能。

2——直动溢流阀。溢出液压系统中多余的液压油(流回油箱),并使液压系统保持一定的压力。此外,还可用来防止系统过载,起安全保护作用。

3——三位四通电磁换向阀。利用阀心在阀体孔中作相对运动,使油路接通或切断,从而改变油流方向。

4——液控单向阀。单向阀的作用是只允许油液往一个方向流动,不能反方向流动。液控单向阀能使被单向阀闭锁的油路重新接通,即液控单向阀是能够对闭锁方向进行控制的单向阀。

5——单杆活塞液压缸。将液压能转变为直线运动的机械能。

(2)系统的功能是:①使单杆活塞液压缸的活塞往复运动;②使液压缸锁紧。

系统的工作过程如下:

当换向阀处于左位时,压力油经液控单向阀工进入液压缸左腔,同时压力油也进入液控单向阀Ⅱ的控制油口K2,打开阀Ⅱ,使液压缸右腔的回油经阀Ⅱ和换向阀回油箱,活塞向右运动。

当换向阀处于右位时,压力油经液控单向阀Ⅱ进入液压缸右腔,同时压力油也进入液控单向阀I的控制油口K1,打开阀I,使液压缸左腔的回油经阀工和换向阀回油箱,活塞向左运动。

当换向阀处于中位时,液压泵排出的压力油直接流回油箱。由于控制压力油的压力卸除,阀I和阀Ⅱ都被关闭。液压缸因两腔油液被封死而被锁紧。

阅读理解与欣赏

阅读《口技》选文,回答问题。

  遥闻深巷中犬吠,便有妇人惊觉欠伸,其夫呓语。既而儿醒,大啼。夫亦醒。妇抚儿乳,儿含乳啼,妇拍而呜之。又一大儿醒,絮絮不止。当是时,妇手拍儿声,口中鸣声,儿含乳啼声,大儿初醒声,夫叱大儿声,一时齐发,众妙毕备。满坐宾客无不伸颈,侧目,微笑,默叹,以为妙绝。

  未几,夫齁声起,妇拍儿亦渐拍渐止。微闻有鼠作作索索,盆器倾侧,妇梦中咳嗽。宾客意少舒,稍稍正坐。

  忽一人大呼“火起”,夫起大呼,妇亦起大呼。两儿齐哭。俄而百千人大呼,百千儿哭,百千犬吠。中间力拉崩倒之声,火爆声,呼呼风声,百千齐作;又夹百千求救声,曳屋许许声,抢夺声,泼水声。凡所应有,无所不有。虽人有百手,手有百指,不能指其一端;人有百口,口有百舌,不能名其一处也。于是宾客无不变色离席,奋袖出臂,两股战战,几欲先走。

  忽然抚尺一下,群响毕绝。撤屏视之,一人、一桌、一椅、一扇、一抚尺而已。

1. 解释下列句中加粗的词语。

①众妙备  毕:_______________

②宾客意少  舒:_______________

2.用现代汉语翻译下列句子。

①满坐宾客无不伸颈,侧目,微笑,默叹,以为妙绝。

____________________________________________________

②中间力拉崩倒之声。

____________________________________________________

3. 找出文中侧面描写的句子,并说明其作用。

____________________________________________________

完形填空

Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents. They are very busy working to  1  the family. They don’t act in the  2  ways that I read in books or I see on TV. 3  flowers to each other on Valentine’s Day is even more  4 .

One day, my mother was sewing a quilt(床罩). I  5  sat down beside her and looked at her. “Mom, is there love between you and Dad?” I asked her in a  6  voice.

My mother stopped and raised her head with  7 in her eyes. She didn’t answer immediately. Then she  8  her head and continued to sew the quilt. At last my mother said:

“Susan,” she said, “Look at this thread. Sometimes it appears, but most of it  9  in the quilt. The thread really makes the quilt strong and  10 . If life is a quilt, then love should be a  11 .It can hardly be seen anywhere or anytime, but it’s really there. Love is  12 .”

The next spring, my father suddenly got sick seriously. When they returned from the hospital, mother looked rather pale and it seemed  13 of them had had a serious illness. Every day in the morning and dusk, my mother helped my father  14  slowly on the country road. My father had never been so  15. Along the country road, there were many beautiful flowers, green grass and trees. The sun gently glistened through the leaves. All of these  16  the most beautiful picture in the world.

“Dad, how are you feeling now?” I asked him one day. He said gently. “ 17 , I just like walking with your mom. I like this kind of life.”  ___18  his eyes, I know he loves my mother deeply.

 19  I thought love meant flowers, gifts and sweet kisses. But from this  20 ,I understand that love is just a thread in the quilt of our life. Love is inside, making life strong and warm.

1. A. hold                       B. support                      C. live on                      D. keep

2. A. romantic          B. friendly                            C. lovely                D. active

3. A. Taking             B. Passing                      C. Buying               D. Sending

4. A. no problem                                              B. out of question         

C. out of the question                             D. in question

5. A. silently            B. eagerly                      C. peaceful             D. anxiously

6. A. loud                       B. low                           C. gentle                D. tender

7. A. interest            B. fear                           C. excitement          D. surprise

8. A. bowed             B. raised                        C. hang                  D. lower

9. A. lost                 B. turned out                  C. disappeared               D. came up

10. A. cold              B. lasting                       C. long                   D. comfortable

11. A. needle            B. cloth                          C. thread                D. sheet

12. A. in the quilt     B. out of the quilt       C. outside               D. inside

13. A. either            B. both                          C. neither                      D. every

14. A. walk              B. run                            C. stand                  D. exercise

15. A. rude                   B. polite                       C. gentle                D. careful

16. A. came up              B. turned up                 C. called up            D. made up

17. A. In other words     B. To tell the truth     C. In my opinion    D. On the contrary

18. A. Seeing           B. Reading                            C. Watching            D. Observing

19. A. Once                  B. Though                    C. When                D. Unless

20. A. process          B. way                           C. matter               D. experience