问题 单项选择题

急性低位小肠梗阻,心率120/min,血压 90/60mmHg,尿少,无口渴,考虑存在

A.低钾血症
B.等渗性缺水
C.高渗性缺水
D.低渗性缺水
E.低钙血症

答案

参考答案:B

解析:[解题思路] 患者在胰、十二指肠切除术后持续胃肠减压,导致钾摄入不足,而且因消化液排出而丢失,患者可以有肠麻痹的表现,心电图可出现 T波低平、U波等改变。等渗性缺水又称急性缺水或混合性缺水,外科常见。多见于消化液的急性丧失和体液丢失在感染区或软组织内时。急性低位小肠梗阻使大量消化液淤滞在肠腔中,不能为机体重新吸收利用,实际上相当于丢失。故本例患者存在因急性低位肠梗阻导致的等渗性缺水。
[命题规律] 考察“体液代谢失调”。必须掌握。

完形填空
完形填空。

   For several years, Americans have enjoyed teleshopping-watching TV and buying things by phone.
Now teleshopping is starting in Europe. In some   1    countries, people can turn on their   2     and shop
for clothes, jewelry, food and many other things.
   Teleshopping is becoming      3   in Sweden. For example, the biggest Swedish company sells varieties
of things on TV in different European countries, and in one year, it   4   $10 million. In France, there're
two teleshopping channels, and the French   5   about $ 20 million a year in buying things through those
channels.
    In Germany, until last year, teleshopping was only possible on one channel for one hour every day.
Then the government allowed more teleshopping. Other channels can    6   for telebusiness, including
the largest American teleshopping company and a 24-hour teleshopping company. German    7   are
hoping these will help them sell more things.
   Some people like teleshopping because it allows them to do their shopping without       8   . With
heavy traffic in cities, going shopping isn't easy. But meanwhile, other Europeans       9   this new way
of buying things. They call teleshopping " 10   on the air". Many Europeans usually worry about the
quality of the things   11   on TV. They think high quality is the most important, and they are not sure
 about the quality of the things   12   .
    The need of high quality means that the European teleshopping companies will have to be   13   the
American companies. They will have to be more careful about the   14   of the things they sell. They
will also have to work harder to sell things that the buyers cannot 15     or see by themselves.

(      )1.A. European
(      )2.A. lights
(      )3.A. fast
(      )4.A. sells
(      )5.A. earn
(      )6.A. begin
(      )7.A. people
(      )8.A. paying
(      )9.A. like
(      )10.A. junk
(      )11.A. appearing
(      )12.A. in the shop
(      )13.A. different from
(      )14.A. number
(      )15.A. touch
B. Asian
B. switches
B. popular
B. owes
B. owe
B. leave
B. women
B. going out
B. mind
B. gold
B. coming out
B. on TV
B. large than
B. quality
B. feel
C. American
C. radios
C. particular
C. possesses
C. pay
C. open
C. businessmen
C. thinking
C. enjoy
C. imagination
C. for sale
C. at home
C. as big as
C. places
C. imagine
D. African
D. TVs
D. clear
D. makes
D. spend
D. turn on
D. officials
D. calling up
D. dislike
D entertainment
D. to buy
D. by this way
D. the same with
D. buyers
D. produce
 
单项选择题