问题 问答题

[背景材料]
某咨询企业受A市政府委托,研究制定该市经济社会发展规划。咨询工程师在调研中,收集到该市国民经济运行的如下数据:2007年该市的名义国内生产总值和实际国内生产总值分别为368亿元和340亿元;与2006年相比,2007年该市的农产品价格平均上涨25%,工业品价格平均下降5%,服务业价格平均上涨8%;2006年和2007年该市的消费物价指数分别为260和280。
同时,咨询工程师还根据其他相关材料,作出如下判断:由于当地近年来产业结构加速调整,导致劳动力整体需求下降,因此存在周期性失业现象。
咨询工程师参照我国国民经济和社会发展“十一五”规划的指标内容,设计了A市经济社会发展的指标体系,包括国内生产总值(亿元)、单位国内生产总值能源消耗降低(9/6)、主要污染物排放总量减少(%)及城镇登记失业率(%)等指标。
[问题]
1.名义国内生产总值和实际国内生产总值存在差异的原因是什么核算国内生产总值可以采用哪些方法
2.计算A市2007年的通货膨胀率,并据此判断该市的通货膨胀属于哪种类型
3.咨询工程师对该市失业类型的判断是否正确说明理由。按失业原因的不同,失业一般分为哪几类
4.我国国民经济和社会发展“十一五”规划的主要指标分为哪几类咨询工程师设计的A市经济社会发展指标体系中的上述4项指标,在“十一五”时期我国经济社会发展的主要指标中分别属于什么属性

答案

参考答案:1.名义国内生产总值是用实际市场价格衡量的GDP,实际国内生产总值则按固定价格或不变价格来计算。
核算国内生产总值可以采用的方法有生产法、收入法和支出法三种。
2.通货膨胀率=(现期物价水平-基期物价水平)/基期物价水平=(280-260)×100%/260=7.69%<10%,该市的通货膨胀属于温和的通货膨胀。
3.咨询工程师对该市失业类型的判断不正确。理由:由于该地总支出和产出都在上升,且该地近年来产业结构调整,导致劳动整体需求下降,因此属于结构性失业。
按失业原因的不同,失业一般分为摩擦性失业、结构性失业及周期性失业。
4.我国国民经济和社会发展“十一五”规划的主要指标分为:
反映经济增长的主要指标:国内生产总值和人均国内生产总值。
反映经济结构的主要指标:服务业增加值比重、服务业就业比重、研究与试验发展经费支出占国内生产总值比重、城镇化率。
反映人口资源环境的主要指标:全国总人口、单位国内生产总值能源消耗降低、单位工业增加值用水量降低、农业灌溉用水有效利用系数、工业固体废物综合利用率、耕地保有量、主要污染物排放总量减少、森林覆盖率。
反映公共服务人民生活的主要指标:国民平均受教育年限、城镇基本养老保险覆盖人数、新型农村合作医疗覆盖率、5年城镇新增就业、5年转移农业劳动力、城镇登记失业率、城镇居民人均可支配收入及农村居民人均纯收入。
咨询工程师设计的A市经济社会发展指标体系中的上述四项指标,在“十一五”时期,我国经济社会发展主要指标的属性是:国内生产总值(亿元)指标的属性是预期性的,单位国内生产总值能源消耗降低(%)指标的属性是约束性的,主要污染物排放总量减少(%)指标的属性是约束性的,城镇登记失业率(%)指标的属性是预期性的。

阅读理解

     West Virginia-Public schools are using a dance video game to help get students in shape. In these

schools, students are often told to turn off their video games and get some exercise. The schools have

found a new way for their students to work out while playing a new video game. West Virginia is one

of the heaviest states in the country. About half of its fifthgraders are considered to be overweight, and

their parents are worried about that. To get them moving on a healthier path, the state's public schools

are using a video game called "Dance Revolution".

     To use the game, players should stand on a special mat in front of a TV screen. Following arrows

on the screen, players must move their feet to the specific symbols on the mat. Players must move

quickly, touching symbols on the mat at just the right time. With each song, they get more exercise.

     "If we can get children to change their behavior at a young age, they will hopefully grow up to be

healthy and active adults," said Carl Callison of Mountain State Blue Cross, a health care company.

West Virginia is ranked among the top three heaviest states. About a third of West Virginians are

considered to be  obese (肥胖的). Even more are considered to be overweight. Extra weight can lead

to serious health problems such as high blood pressure, diabetes (糖尿病), some cancers, and many

other health issues.

     "One out of three children born in West Virginia today will have diabetes by the time they grow up,"

said Nidia Henderson, a manager for the public employees' insurance program. "That's a terrible thing

and not acceptable."

     All of West Virginia's 157 middle schools are using the video game. School officials hope that all

public schools in the state will use the game within the next three years. However, officials emphasize

that the game is not meant to substitute physical education and health classes. The game will be part of

physical education classes and afterschool programs.

1. Why do public schools in West Virginia develop "Dance Revolution" ?

A. Because most of the students don't like dancing.

B. Because it can help students get a better shape.

C. Because losing weight is necessary to students.

D. Because it can make students' activities colorful.

2. The second paragraph mainly talks about________.

A. how to get more exercise

B. what are needed in the game

C. how to play a dance video game

D. who can practise the game

3. According to the text, which of the following is NOT true?

A. About one person in three West Virginians is overweight.

B. Overweight may cause a lot of diseases.

C. The problem of students' overweight has been realized.

D. There are only 157 middle schools in West Virginia.

4. The underlined word "substitute" in the last paragraph means "________".

A. replace  

B. change  

C. practise  

D. stop

5. Which is the best title for the text?

A. The Problem of Overweight

B. Dancing for Health

C. Overweight in West Virginia

D. A Dance Video Game

单项选择题