问题 问答题

艺术构思的主要方式有哪几种?

答案

参考答案:艺术构思的主要方式有艺术概括与艺术变形等。
(1)艺术概括是指创作主体从一定创作动机出发对其选定的材料进行进一步提炼加工的过程,具体包括艺术综合与艺术简化两种方式。
①艺术综合就是对各种材料的重新组合,从而形成艺术形象的过程。鲁迅说他的小说人物的原型往往“嘴在浙江,脸在北京,衣服在山西”,这就是艺术综合。艺术综合还表现在作家常常将生活中在许多人身上发生过的事情集中在一个人物身上,使之更具代表性。例如《三国演义》写诸葛亮之智,写关、张之勇,都是集中了许多人的事情。
②艺术简化是指创作过程中作家对所写事件和人物只寥寥几笔,将其特征勾勒出来,而对于那些大量的、无关紧要的细枝末节完全省略。例如《水浒传》写武松只是写了那些与表现其性格特征直接相关的事件,而对于他的那些无关紧要的生活细节就完全省略了。
(2)艺术变形是指作家为了达到某种艺术效果而在创作过程中有意将描写对象以扭曲的、畸形的形式表现出来。例如《儒林外史》中的严监生就是一个艺术变形的人物,他临死前伸出两个手指来表示两根灯草这一细节是变形的,生活中无论怎样吝啬的人,也决不会到这样的地步。

完形填空
When I was in the third grade, I was chosen to be the princess in the school play. For “weeks my mother had helped me practise my lines. But once on the stage, every word    11  from my head. Then my teacher asked me to change my role to be a narrator (解说者) for the play.    12  I didn’t tell my mother what had happened that day, she noticed my    13  and asked if I wanted to take a walk in the garden.
It was a lovely spring day. We could see dandelions (蒲公英) popping (炸开)   14   the grass in bunches (束). I watched my mother bend down by one of the bunches. “I think I’ll dig up (挖光) all these weeds (野草),” she said. “From now on, we’ll   15  have roses in this garden.”
“But I like dandelions,” I protested(抗议). “All flowers are   16 —even dandelions !”
My mother looked at me seriously. “Yes, every flower gives pleasure in its own way, doesn’t it?” she asked thoughtfully. I nodded. “And that is   17  of people, too,” she added.
When I   18  that she had guessed my pain, I started to cry and told her the truth. “But you will be a wonderful narrator,” she said,    19  me of how much I loved to read stories’ aloud.
Thanks to my mother’s encouragement, I got to know everybody had his or her own    20  in the world. I felt proud of the role in the play.
小题1:
A.developedB.leftC.failedD.disappeared
小题2:
A.IfB.BecauseC.ThoughD.Since
小题3:
A.difficultyB.mistakeC.dangerD.unhappiness
小题4:
A.throughB.pastC.beyondD.behind
小题5:
A.hardlyB.onlyC.stillD.also
小题6:
A.harmlessB.healthyC.beautifulD.fresh
小题7:
A.trueB.kindC.sameD.clever
小题8:
A.rememberedB.realizedC.explainedD.promised
小题9:
A.representingB.complainingC.recommendingD.reminding
小题10:
A.honorB.progressC.valueD.interest
配伍题 B1型题