问题 单项选择题

螺旋模型是一种演进式的软件过程模型,结合了原型开发方法的系统性和瀑布模型可控性特点。它有两个显著特点,一是采用 (10) 的方式逐步加深系统定义和实现的深度,降低风险;二是确定一系列 (11) ,确保项目开发过程中的相关利益者都支持可行的和令人满意的系统解决方案。

A.实现方案

B.设计方案

C.关键点

D.里程碑

答案

参考答案:D

解析:

[分析]: 螺旋模型是瀑布模型与快速原型模型相结合,并加入两者所忽略的风险分析所建立的一种软件开发模型。螺旋模型是一种演化软件过程模型,它将原型实现的迭代特征与线性顺序模型中控制的和系统化的方面结合起来,使软件的增量版本的快速开发成为可能。在螺旋模型中,软件开发是一系列的增量发布。
螺旋模型沿着螺线进行若干次迭代,每次迭代都包括制订计划、风险分析、实施工程和客户评估四个方面的工作。它有两个显著特点,一是采用循环的方式逐步加深系统定义和实现的深度,同时降低风险:二是确定一系列里程碑,确保项目开发过程中的相关利益者都支持可行的和令人满意的系统解决方案。螺旋模型强调风险分析,使得开发人员和用户对每个演化层出现的风险有所了解,继而做出应有的反应。因此,特别适用于庞大、复杂并具有高风险的系统。
与瀑布模型相比,螺旋模型支持用户需求的动态变化,为用户参与软件开发的所有关键决策提供了方便,有助于提高软件的适应能力,并且为项目管理人员及时调整管理决策提供了便利,从而降低了软件开发的风险。在使用螺旋模型进行软件开发时,需要开发人员具有相当丰富的风险评估经验和专门知识。另外,过多的迭代次数会增加开发成本,延迟提交时间。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Few beyond California’ s technology crowd recognise the name Larry Sonsini; none within its circle could fail to. For four decades he has been lawyer, adviser and friend to many prominent companies and investors. Some consider him the most powerful person in Silicon Valley. Companies beg for his law firm to represent them. The 65-year-old chairman of Wilson Sonsini Goodrich & Rosati (WSG&R) has suddenly been thrust into the spotlight: first, for counselling many of the technology firms now under scrutiny for backdating stock options (and in some cases, serving on their boards); and more recently, as outside counsel to Hewlett-Packard (HP), for initially defending the board’s dubious investigative practices.

WSG&R boasts 600 lawyers and represents around half of Silicon Valley’s public companies, including Apple Sun Microsystems and Google. Last year it ranked first in private-equity and venture-capital deals, with nearly twice as many as its closest rival. Over the past five years WSG&R has worked on over 1 000 mergers and acquisitions, collectively worth over $ 260 billion.

The recent troubles cast a shadow over WSG&R’s reputation. Although Mr. Sonsini is not accused of wrongdoing himself, many of his firm’s clients are on the ropes. Former executives at Brocade Communications suffered criminal charges in July, Mr. Sonsini Served on Brocade’s board until last year and his firm was its outside counsel. He also was on the boards of Pixar, Echelon, Lattice Semiconductor, LSI Logic and Novell all firms at which the issuing of stock options is being called into question.

WSG&R dismisses the idea that Mr. Sonsini faced a conflict of interest by acting as both director and legal adviser to so many firms and says he did not advise HP in its investigation of board members. Mr. Sonsini initially said it was "well done and within legal limits". It now seems it was neither.

The text is most probably a digest concerning ()

A. federal image

B. corporate governance

C. economic inflation

D. personnel administration