问题 单项选择题

据初步统计,2008年我国全年水资源总量25567亿立方米,比上年减少8.9%,比常年减少7.7%;人均水资源量1945立方米,比上年减少9.3%;全年平均降水量615.5毫米,较上年减少4.5%,比常年减少4.2%。年末全国465座大型水库蓄水总量2109亿立方米,比年初减少128亿立方米。
全年总供水量5716亿立方米,其中地表水源占81.4%,地下水源占18.2%,其它水源占0.4%。全年总用水量5716亿立方米,比上年增加83亿立方米,其中,居民生活用水472亿立方米,生产用水5150亿立方米,生态与环境用水94亿立方米。与上年比较,生活用水增加2.2%,生产用水增加1.4%,生态与环境用水增加1.0%。在生产用水中,第一产业用水3720亿立方米,第二产业用水1335亿立方米,第三产业用水95亿立方米。全国人均用水量为435立方米,比上年略有增长。万元GDP(当年价)用水量273立方米,按可比价计算比上年减少8.3%;万元工业增加值(当年价)用水量144立方米,按可比价计算比上年减少9.8%。

下列说法中,正确的一项是( )。

A.2007年全年平均降水量比常年平均降水量高出3%

B.2008年全年总供水量中,地下水源比其他水源多1017亿立方米

C.2008年生产用水占总用水量的比重不足九成

D.2008年全国人均每月生活用水量大约为36立方米

答案

参考答案:B

解析: A项,2007年全年平均降水量为615.5÷(1-4.5%)毫米,常年平均降水量为615.5÷(1-4.2%)毫米,则2007年全年平均降水量比常年平均降水量高出[615.5÷(1-4.5%)]+[615.5÷(1-4.2%)]×100%-1=(1-4.2%)÷(1-4.5%)×100%-1≈(1-4.2%)-(1-4.5%)=0.3%,A错误。
B项,2008年全年总供水量中,地下水源比其他水源多5716×(18.2%-0.4%)=1017亿立方米,B正确。
C项,2008年总用水量的九成为5716×0.9=5144.4亿立方米,则生产用水5150亿立方米超过总用水量的九成,C错误。
D项,按人均用水量计算,2008年全国人均每月生活用水量大约为[*]4立方米,D错误。
综上,只有B项是正确的。

阅读理解

(C)The earth is not only, but also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you. because nearly 70% of the earth’s surface(表面)is covered with water. But about 97% of that is sea water, or salt water. Man can only use the other 3%—the fresh water from rivers, lakes, and other sources. And we can’t even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs and glaciers(冰川). Even worse, some of it has been polluted.

However, as things stand today, the fresh water is still enough for us. But our need for water is becoming larger and larger quickly—almost day by day. We should take steps to do with this problem now and in this way we can get away from a serious world-wide water shortage later on.

We all have to learn how to stop wasting our valuable water, one of the first step is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water is used only once and then sent out into a sewer system(下水道), from there it returns to sea or runs into underground (地下)places.

But even if every large city reused its water, we still would not have enough. All we’d have to do to make use of sea water in the world is to remove the salt.

小题1: The earth is thirsty for water because_______ .

A.man has not enough food to eat.

B.we haven’t had enough fresh water

C.only 70% of the earth’s surface is covered with water.

D.more water is sent into the sewer system小题2:The underlined word “valuable ” means _______.         .

A.much and salt

B.fresh and enough

C.dear and useful

D.clean and helpful小题3: What can we do if we want to have enough fresh water?

(a) make good use of the sea water.

(b) carry salt water into lakes and rivers.

(c) try to save the fresh water as much as possible

(d) do our best to use the water again.

(e) drink and use all the water on the earth’s surface

A.(c)and(e)

B.(a) and (b)

C.(a), (c)and(d)

D.(b) , (d) and(e)小题4: The best but the most difficult way to solve the water problem of the world is to ___

A.remove the salt from the sea water

B.make the water in the cities clean.

C.take the water from underground

D.make the need for the water smaller.小题5: What is the best title for this passage?

A.The Importance of Water

B.The World’s Water Problem

C.The Thirsty World

D.Fresh Water and Sea Water

多项选择题