问题 材料题

阅读材料,回答问题。

材料 国际关系理论中的“安全困境”理论认为:在国际关系的无政府状态下,每一个国家只能靠自己的实力来保护其安全与独立,但是一国寻求安全的努力常常造成别国的不安全感,别国必然也是增强其军备来做出回应,结果竞争性的增强军备活动导致了军备竞赛。

(1)请以20世纪以来国际关系中的两个史实说明材料中的观点。

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(2)材料中“一国寻求安全的努力”为何会常常造成别国的不安全感?

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(3)概括说明二战以来,世界各国为改变国际关系无政府状态做了哪些方面的努力。

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答案

(1)一战后,美英日等国竞相增加投入,大力发展海军,造成国际关系紧张,导致激烈的军备竞赛;冷战时期,美苏大力发展核力量,结果两国在核武器方面的竞争愈演愈烈。

(2)近代“寻求安全努力”的国家大多是以侵略、争霸为目的;由于受狭隘民族主义或极端民族主义影响,近代国家普遍将他国的强盛视为对本国的削弱,为了本国的强盛就必须削弱他国。

(3)成立维护世界和平的国际组织与机构,制定相关的规章制度与政策;加强国际间的对话与合作;召开裁军会议,开展维和行动、打击恐怖活动与侵略行为等。

写作题
单项选择题

Just how does a person arrive at an idea of the kind of person that he is He develops this (1) of self through a gradual and complicated (2) which continues throughout life. The notion is an (3) that one establishes only with the help of others. (4) the elementary knowledge that one is short or tall is a comparative judgment that we cannot make (5) we have the opportunity to (6) ourselves with others. One’s idea of qualities which are harder to (7) is even more dependent upon other people’s ideas.

Whether one is intelligent, or stupid; attractive, or ugly; these and many other ideas of the self are (8) from the reactions of people with whom we (9) This process of (10) the nature of the self from the reaction of others has been labeled the "Looking-glass Self" by Cooley, who carefully analyzed this psychological (11) of self-discovery.

Just as the picture in the mirror gives an image of the physical self, (12) the perception of the reactions of others gives an image of the social self. We know, (13) , that we are good at certain things and not at others. This (14) came to us from the reactions of other persons, first our parents and then other individuals (15) in life. It should be remembered that, as other people’s reactions could be (16) and understood in more than one way, the looking-glass self with which the individual (17) may easily differ from the image others have actually formed of his (18) Clearly, it is our perception of the responses of others and not their (19) responses that (20) our self-image, and these perceptions are often not accurate.

5()

A.until

B.by

C.during

D.after