问题 材料题

阅读下列材料回答问题:

材料一   漫画家把国际联盟比喻为一架大桥,大桥最关键的一块砖头——美国却空缺了。大桥的左边树立着一块牌子,上面写着:“国际联盟大桥,由美国总统负责设计。”大桥的右边,山姆大叔正跷着二郎腿悠闲地抽烟,头枕着的正是那块最关键的砖头。                                                                      ——大桥的缺口

材料二  联合国之旨为:维持国际和平及安全,并以和平方法且依正义及国际法则,调整或解决足以破坏和平之国际争端或情势。促成国际合作,以解决国际上属于经济、社会、文化及人类福利性质之国际问题。                                                                                ——《联合国 * * 》

1948年6月开始,联合国先后在全球范围内进行了60次左右的维和行动。这些维和行动有助于控制局部性冲突的升级。1988年,联合国维和部队被授予诺贝尔和平奖。 

材料三  建立一个世界上所有国家都参加的联盟(国联),不管是大国还是小国,一起合作来维持和平,这是威尔逊总统梦寐以求的事……联盟,从来就没有取得它的创始人所期望达到的出色成就……在所有重大危机中,人们要么是不听国联的话,要么就是根本不理它。材料四  联合国成立以来头三十年的成就,尚可予人深刻的印象……但它在普遍裁减军备方面却一事无成。它也未能制止苏美之间日益增长的摩擦,而这种摩擦肯定是对国际和平的威胁……,然而,可以论断,联合国主要的贡献在于制止苏美之间发生直接冲突。联合国由于提供权宜的解决办法和讨论各种牢骚的讲坛,有助于防止两个巨人迎面冲突。结果,种种危机愈演愈烈,成为剧烈的争吵,但未形成毁灭世界的大规模祸殃。                                       ——摘自伯恩斯?拉尔夫 《世界文明史》

(1)材料一中漫画的主要观点是什么? 根据材料一并结合所学知识分析美国头枕着那块最关键的砖头使其空缺的具体原因。

________________________________________________________________________________

(2)结合所学知识,概括指出《联合国 * * 》关于安理会的主要规定,根据材料二并结合所学知识分析联合国在中东问题中的影响。

________________________________________________________________________________

(3)据材料三、四,指出作者对于国联和联合国在制止危机方面的分析是否正确?结合所学说明理由。

________________________________________________________________________________

答案

(1)观点:由于美国拒绝加入,国际联盟是一个非常脆弱的组织。原因:英法的阻碍;凡尔赛和约和国际盟约不符合美国利益;国内的反对。 

(2)安理会是联合国中惟一有权采取行动维持国际和平与安全的机构,实行“大国一致”原则。积极影响:1948年第一次中东战争,在巴勒斯坦建立停战监督组织;1956年第二次中东战争,派出第一支维和部队;1998年海湾地区再次战争危机,联合国秘书长安南亲赴伊拉克斡旋化解危机。消极影响:1947年联合国决议,巴以分治处理不公,是阿以冲突长期存在的关键。

(3)分析基本正确。理由:20世纪30年代,国联对日本侵略中国东北、意大利入侵埃塞俄比亚,都没有起到制止侵略维持和平的作用。 比较客观地辩证地指出联合国成立后的三十年中,没有也不可能消除美苏矛盾,但在防止美苏发生大规模

阅读理解

Recently a professor of philosophy(哲学)in the United States has written a book called Money and the Meaning of Life. He has discovered that how we deal with money in our day to day life has more meaning than we usually think. One of the exercises he has asked his students to do is to keep a record of every penny they spend for a week. From the way they spend their money, they can see what they really value(重视)in life.

The professor says our relation with others often becomes clearly defined(明确)when money enters the picture. You might have wonderful friendship with somebody and you think that you are very good friends. But you will know him only when you ask him to lend you some money.If he does,it brings something to the relationship that seems stronger than ever before. Otherwise it can suddenly weaken the relationship if he doesn’t.

Since money is so important to us, we consider those who are rich to be very important. The professor interviews some rich people in his research for his book.

Question:  What is the most surprising thing you have discovered about being rich?

Answer :  The most surprising thing is why people give me so much respect(尊重). I am nothing.I don’t know much.All I am is rich.

People just have an idea of making more and more money, but what is it for? How much money do I need for any given purpose in my life? In his book,the professor uncovered an important need in modern society:to bring back the idea that money is a tool rather than the end.Money plays an important role in the material world,but expecting money to give happiness may be missing the meaning of life.

小题1:.

The students are asked to keep a record of every penny they spend to______.

A.learn how to spend money

B.learn how to make more money

C.know what to write in a record

D.know what is important in life小题2:.

In the second paragraph, the professor mainly tells us ________.

A.never to borrow money from a friend

B.friendship disappears when it comes to money

C.money can influence friendship

D.money can weaken friendship小题3:.

.Through his book,the professor seems to tell us       

A.money is very important in the material world

B.the purpose of our life is to make money

C.money does not surely mean happiness

D.we should value money in our life小题4:.

We consider rich people important because         

A.they have a meaningful life

B.they are successful people

C.we sometimes borrow money from them

D.we think money is important in life小题5:.

Which of the following might the author disagree?

A.Money is important in modern society.

B.The meaning of life does not completely lie in money.

C.Wealth will surely bring the owner happiness.

D.Happiness is not necessarily the result of wealth.

单项选择题 A1/A2型题