问题 问答题 简答题

甲公司是一家生产豆浆机的民营企业,设立于2004年,其企业愿景是将物美价廉的豆浆机摆进普通居民的厨房,让普通居民足不出户喝上新鲜香浓的豆浆。

由于渣浆分离操作不便和内桶豆渣难以清理,豆浆机上市初期在市场上认同度较底,市场总体需求量不大,总体增长率偏低。

豆浆机上市初期,甲公司的唯一竞争对手是乙公司,乙公司是一家生产多类型小家电的企业,其所生产的豆浆机性能虽与甲公司生产的豆浆机相当,但因其拥有知名品牌,其豆浆机市场占有率远远高于甲公司。甲公司一直依赖促销手段赚取微薄的利润。市场上其他著名小家电生产企业尚未涉足豆浆机的研发和生产。

2009年10月,经过持续的革新和改造,甲公司生产的新型豆浆机实现了渣浆的轻松分离和内桶豆渣的简捷清理,获得了中老年客户群的广泛认可,而且随着健康饮食观念的推广,豆浆已逐渐成为时尚的健康饮料,因此甲公司新型豆浆机销售量快速增长,出现了供不应求的局面。

鉴于豆浆机市场的迅速扩张,其他著名小家电企业开始加强研发,拟推出类似产品,抢夺市场。甲公司亦应对变化,进一步改善了相关财务战略目标。下面是关于甲公司豆浆机产品2011年的相关预测信息:

要求: 

(1)根据文中提供的信息和波士顿矩阵,简述甲公司的豆浆机在革新和改造前后所属的产品类型及其特征。 

(2)根据甲公司2011年的相关预测信息,判断甲公司的业务在财务战略矩阵中所属的象限,并简要说明甲公司可能面临的财务挑战及可实施的应对措施。 

(3)如果甲公司希望通过提高税后经营利润率的途径来提高可持续增长率,简要说明甲公司可以采用的具体方法。

答案

参考答案:

(1)甲公司的豆浆机在革新前的产品类型属于瘦狗产品。 

其特征:市场增长率低,市场份额低。 

改造后的产品类型属于问号产品。 

其特征:市场增长率高,市场份额低。 

(2)因为甲公司2011年: 

销售增长率60%>可持续增长率45%,所以是现金短缺;投资资本回报率25%>资本成本15%,所以是创造价值;可以判断甲公司的业务在财务战略矩阵的第一象限。 

甲公司可能面临的财务挑战: 

首先,应判明这种高速增长是暂时性的还是长期性的。高速增长是供不应求的反映,会引来许多竞争者。高速增长通常是不可持续的,增长率迟早会下降。 

①如果高速增长是暂时的,企业应通过借款来筹集所需资金,等到销售增长率下降后企业会有多余现金归还借款。 

②如果预计这种情况会持续较长时间,不能用短期周转借款来解决,则企业必须采取战略性措施解决资金短缺问题。 

③长期性高速增长的资金问题有两种解决途径:一是提高可持续增长率,使之向销售增长率靠拢;二是增加权益资本,提供增长所需的资金。 

(3)提高税后经营利润率属于提高经营效率的途径之一,它的具体方法包括降低成本和提高价格。具体包括:①降低成本。进行作业分析,重构作业链,消除无增值作业,提高增值作业的效率。②提高价格。改变价格形象,在维持利润的同时抑制销售增长,减少资金需要。

单项选择题

Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The finding comes from research that (1) a high-risk group of 13 girls, aged 10 to 14, who were not depressed but had mothers who (2) recurrent depression and a low-risk group of 13 girls with no (3) or family history of depression. Both groups were given MRI brain (4) while completing a task that could (5) either reward or punishment.

(6) with girls in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk group had (7) neural responses during both anticipation and receipt of the reward. (8) , the high-risk girls showed no (9) in an area of the brain called the dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (背侧前扣带皮质), believed to play a role in (10) past experiences to assist learning.

The high-risk girls did have greater activation of this brain area (11) receiving punishment, compared with the other girls. The researchers said that this suggests that high-risk girls have easier time (12) information about loss and punishment than information about reward and pleasure.

"Considered together with reduced activation in the striatal (纹状体的) areas commonly observed (13) reward, it seems that the reward-processing system is critically (14) in daughters who are at elevated risk for depression, (15) they have not yet experienced a depressive (16) ," wrote Ian H. Gotlib, of Stanford University, and his colleagues. " (17) , longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the anomalous activations (18) in this study during the processing of (19) and losses are associated with the (20) onset of depression," they concluded. The study was published in the April of the Archives of General Psychiatry.

1()

A.embodied

B.included

C.concluded

D.consisted

单项选择题