问题 问答题

比较日本明治维新和中国戊戌变法的异同。

答案

参考答案:明治维新和戊戌变法都是封建统治者自上而下的资产阶级性质的改革,两者相较,既有共性,也各有特色。
日本明治维新和中国戊戌变法的相同点是:
(1)二者的宗旨、路线相同,即以西方为榜样,以改革为手段,在保持封建特权的前提下,发展资本主义。
(2)二者的历史背景相同,表现在两国都是封建国家,商品经济和资本主义因素都有一定程度的发展,都面临西方殖民者的入侵,有民族救亡和民主改革两大任务。
(3)双方的领导人都出身封建家庭,富于牺牲精神。
不同点是:
(1)两国改革的侧重面不同。明治维新侧重 * * 改革和建设,戊戌变法的改革内容相对广泛。
(2)两国改革的社会基础虽均是从封建统治阶级内部分化出来的具有资本主义倾向的改革派力量和正在资产阶级化的知识分子,但明治维新的骨干力量是日本的中下级武士,他们以足以和中央分庭抗礼的强藩为依托,且与豪农富商和工商业者有密切联系;而戊戌维新的领导人是缺乏政治实践的知识分子和官僚。
(3)两国的领导人在气质、性格、能力、精神状态方面有所不同。明治维新的领导人久经政治风浪考验,长于韬略、精明强千,而戊戌维新的领导人对政治斗争的残酷性缺乏清醒的认识和足够准备,缺乏运筹帷幄的雄才大略。
(4)国际上英美对二者的态度不一,英美对明治维新竞相扶植,对戊戌变法则持观望态度。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     MONTREAL (Reuters)-Crossing the US-Canada border (边界) to go to church on a Sunday cost a US

citizen $10,000 for breaking Washington's strict new security (安全) rules.

     The expensive trip to church was a surprise for Richard Albert, who lives right on the Canadian border.

Like the other half-dozen people of Township 15, crossing the border is a daily occurrence for Albert. The

nearby Quebec village of St. Pamphile is where they shop, eat and go to church.

     There are many such situations in these areas along the largely unguarded 5,530-mile border between

Canada and the US-which in some cases actually runs down the middle of streets or through buildings.

     As a result, Albert says he did not expect any problems three weeks ago when he returned home to the

US after attending church in Canada, as usual. The US customs (海关) station in this are is closed on

Sundays, so be just drove around the locked gate, as he had done every weekend since the gate appeared

last May, following a tightening of border security. Two days later. Albert was told to go to the customs

office, where an officer told him be had been caught on carnera crossing the border illegally (非法).

     Ottawa has given out special passes to some 300 US citizens in that area so they can enter the country

when Canadian customs stations are closed, but the US stopped a similar program last May. That forces the

people to a 200-mile detour along hilly roads to get home through another border checkpoint.

     Albert has requested that the customs office change their decisions on the fine, but he has not attended a

Sunday church since. "I feel like I'm living in a prison," he said.

1.We learn from the text that Richard Albert is _____.

A. an American living in Township 15

B. a Canadian living in a Quebec village

C. a Canadian working in a customs station

D. an American working in a Canadian church

2. Albert was fined because he _____.

A. failed to obey traffic rules

B. broke the American security rules

C. worked in St. Pamphile without a pass

D. damaged the gate of the customs office

3. The underlined word "detour" in paragraph 5 means _____.

A. a drive through the town

B. a race across the fields

C. a roundabout way of travelling

D. a journey in the mountain area

4. What would be the best title for the text?

A. A Cross-country Trip

B. A Special Border Pass

C. An Unguarded Border

D. An Expensive Church Visit

单项选择题