问题 单项选择题

挣值管理是一种综合了范围、时间、成本绩效测量的方法,通过与计划完成的工作量、实际挣得的收益、实际的成本进行比较,可以确定成本进度是否按计划执行。如图所示的某项目挣值管理图中标号所标识的区间依次应填写(1)。根据项目的当前状态,项目经理下一步最可能采取的行动是(2)

(2)是()

A.当前项目状况进展良好,无须采取其他辅助措施

B.抽出部分工作人员,并加强成本监控

C.适当调高成本基准,并加强进度监控

D.适当加大成本投入,聘请高效率工程师进行项目赶工

答案

参考答案:D

解析:

依题意,在如图所示的某项目挣值管理图中,标号①所标识的区间表示当前时间点挣值(EV)与计划值(PV)之间的差值,即进度偏差(SV)=EV-PV。

标号②所标识的区间表示当前时间点挣值(EV)与实际成本(AC)之间的差值,即成本偏差(CV)=EV-AC。

在图中,由于当前时间点PV>EV>Ac,因此SV=EV-PV<0,说明进度拖延(即进度落后于原时间计划,如标号③所标识的区间),SPI=EV/PV<1.0,说明进度效率较低;CV=EV-AC>0,说明项目的实施成本处于节余状态;CPI=EV/AC>1.0,说明资金使用效率较高,项目的成本绩效较好。

根据项目当前状态,项目经理下一步最可能采取的行动是:①提高工作效率,例如迅速增加高效率工作人员的投入;②加班(或赶工);③在防范风险的前提下并行施工(快速跟进);④适当加大成本投入以提高工作进度等。

阅读理解

Meeting people from another culture can be difficult. From the beginning, people may send the wrong signal. Or they may pay no attention to signals from another person who is trying to develop a relationship.

Different cultures emphasize the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree. For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust. Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in "small talk", usually over a glass of tea, before they do any job.In many European countries -- like the UK or France -- people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafes rather than at the office.

Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures. I once made a speech in Thailand.I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead there was an uncomfortable silence. The people present just stared at me and smiled.After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much. In my own culture, we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.

Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems. Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values; however, Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly. We think that they are rude. In fact, this is just because one culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.

People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other. However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.

小题1:In some countries, eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to _____.

A.develop closer relations

B.share the same culture

C.get to know each other

D.keep each other company小题2:The author mentions his experience in Thailand to show that _________.

A.the English prefer to make long speeches

B.too many words are of no use

C.people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature

D.even talk and silence can be culturally different小题3:According to the text, how can people from different cultures understand each other better?

A.By sharing different ways of life.

B.By accepting different habits.

C.By recognizing different values.

D.By speaking each other' s languages.小题4:What would be the best title for the text?

A.Multicultural Environment.

B.Cross-Cultural Differences.

C.How to Understand Each Other.

D.How to Build Up a Relationship.

单项选择题