问题 问答题

阅读下列材料
材料一:
秦人,其生民也陿阸,其使民也酷烈。劫之以势,隐之以阸,忸之以庆赏,鰌之以刑罚,使天下之民所以要利于上者,非斗无由也。阸而用之,得而后功之,功赏相长也。五甲首而隶五家,是最为众强长久,多地以正。故四世有胜,非幸也,数也。——《荀子·议兵》
材料二:
令民为什伍,而相牧司连坐。不告 * * 者腰斩,告 * * 者与斩敌首同赏,匿 * * 者与降敌同罚。民有二男以上不分异者,倍其赋。有军功者,各以率受上爵。为私斗者,各以轻重被刑大小。僇力本业,耕织致粟帛多者复其身。事末利及怠而贫者,举以为收孥。宗室非有军功,论不得为属籍。明尊卑爵秩等级,各以差次,名田宅、臣妾、衣服,以家次。有功者显荣,无功者虽富无所芬华。——《史记·商君列传》
材料三:
鞅以三晋地狭人贫,秦地广人寡,故草不尽垦,地利不尽出。于是诱三晋之人,利其田宅,复三代,无知兵事而务本于内,而使秦人应敌于外。故废井田,制阡陌,任其所耕,不限多少。数年之间,国富兵强,天下无敌。——《通典·食货典一》
材料四:
及秦孝公用商君,坏井田,开仟伯,急耕战之赏,虽非古道,犹以务本之故,倾邻国而雄诸侯。然王制遂灭,僭差亡度。庶人富者累钜万,而贫者食糟糠。有国强者兼州域,而弱者丧社稷。
……用商鞅之法,改帝王之制,除井田,民得买卖。富者田连仟伯,贫者亡立锥之地。
——《汉书·食货志》
材料五:
苏秦……形容枯槁,面目黧黑,状有愧色。归至家,妻不下絍,嫂不为炊,父母不与言。……乃夜发书,陈箧数十,得《太公阴符》之谋,伏而诵之,简练以为揣摩。读书欲睡,引锥自刺其股,血流至足。曰:“安有说人主不能出其金玉锦绣,取卿相之尊者乎”
……将说楚王,路过洛阳。父母闻之,清宫除道,张乐设饮,郊迎三十里。妻侧目而视,倾耳而听。嫂蛇行匐伏,四拜自跪而谢。苏秦曰:“嫂何前倨而后卑也”嫂曰:“以季子位尊而多金!”
——《战国策·苏秦始将连横》
材料六:
张仪已学而游说诸侯。尝从楚相饮,已而楚相亡璧。门下意张仪,曰:“仪贫无行,此必盗相君之璧。”共执张仪,掠笞数百,不服,释之。
其妻曰:“嘻!子毋读书游说,安得此辱乎”张仪谓其妻曰:“视吾舌尚在不”其妻笑曰:“舌在也。”仪日:“足矣!”——《史记·张仪列传》
请回答:

说明材料五、六的苏秦和张仪在当时的主张是什么。

答案

参考答案:苏秦合纵,张仪连横。

阅读理解


NEMS
NEWRI Environmental
Master of Science
NEWRI: Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute
Be a leader in environmental science and engineering through the NEMS programme
NEWRI Environmental Master of Science(NEMS) is a primary graduate education and research programme conducted by Nanyang Technological University’s (NTU’s) NEWRI, with summer attachment at Stanford University.  It aims to train engineers and scientists to meet the increasing environmental challenges for Asia and the wider region. 
NEWRI-Nanyang Environment &
Water Research Institute
NEWRI is enabling Singapore to be a global center of environmental science and technology in providing technological solutions to the world.
It is committed to environmental and water technologies through its ecosystem of education, research and developmental activities. 
NEWRI is trying its best to pull together NTU’s water and environment-related centers and institutes, gathering one another’s strengths for the benefit of industry and society.
Master of Science Applications
●Applications open now and close on 30 May 2012 for Singapore applicants. 
●Graduates having relevant engineering or science background, including final-year students, are invited to apply. 
●Applicants are required to have a certificate of GRE. 
Further information and application materials are available at the Website:
www.ntu.edu.sg/cee/program/postgrad.asp
Highlights of Programme:
★Students spend a full summer term at Stanford taking regular courses and continue with the rest of their academic programme at NTU. 
★It is a 12-month full-time course in environmental science & engineering. 
★Students under NEMS will have opportunities to do research projects under NEWRI as well as to continue for the Doctor’s degree. 
★Graduating students receive the NTU degree and a certificate from Stanford for their summer attachment. 
Scholarship for tuition grants and living expenses at both Stanford and NTU are available
Enquiry contact: Ms Christian Soh
Tel:(65) 6861 0507   
Fax:(65) 68614606
Email: nems@ntu. edu. sg 
Information on other graduate programmes available at:
www.ntu.edu.sg/cee/program/postgrad.asp
 
小题1:If one wants to apply for the NEMS programme, it is essential for him to __________.
A.have passed the GRE test.
B.make contact with Ms Soh
C.possess a university diploma
D.major in engineering or science
小题2:Students admitted to the NEMS Programme __________.
A.will first have regular courses at Stanford
B.needn’t be released from their regular jobs
C.are required to obtain a Doctor’s degree
D.can receive degrees of both NTU and Stanford
小题3:What’s the main purpose of the NEMS programme?
A.To offer scholarship for tuition grants and living expenses.
B.To strengthen the cooperation between NTU and Stanford.
C.To cultivate experts on environmental science and engineering.
D.To introduce Nanyang Environment & Water Research Institute
小题4:We can learn from the passage that _________.
A.applications for the NEMS programme are open for applicants from Asia and the wider region.
B.applications for the NEMS progamme are open only to graduates having relevant engineering or science background.
C.there are still some other graduate programs conducted by Nanyang Technological University.
D.graduating students from the NEMS programme will have opportunities to continue for the doctor’s degree at Stanford
判断题