问题 单项选择题

When an invention is made, the inventor has three possible (1) of action open to him: he can give the invention to the world by publishing it, keep the idea (2) , or patent it.

A (3) patent is the result of a bargain (4) between an inventor and the state, hut the inventor gets a limited period of monopoly and publishes full details of his invention to the public after that period (5) .

Only in the most exceptional circumstances (6) the lifespan of a patent (7) to alter this normal process of events.

The longest extension ever (8) was to Georges Valensi; his 1939 patent for color TV receiver circuit was extended until 1971 because for most of the patent’s normal life there was no color TV to (9) and thus no hope for reward for the invention.

Because a patent remains permanently (10) after it has terminated, the shelves of the library attached to the (11) office contain details of literally millions of ideas that are free for anyone to use and, if (12) than half a century, sometimes even repatent. Indeed, patent experts often advise anyone (13) to avoid the high cost of conducting a search through (14) patents that the one sure way of violation of any other inventor’s right is to plagiarize a dead patent. Likewise, because publication of an idea in any other form (15) invalidates further patents on that idea, it is traditionally (16) to take ideas from other areas of print. Much modern technological advance is (17) on these presumptions of legal security.

Anyone closely (8) in patents and inventions soon learns that most "new" ideas are, in fact, as old as the hills. It is theft reduction to commercial practice, either through necessity or dedication, or through the availability of new technology, (19) makes news and money. The basic patent for the theory for magnetic recording dates back to 1886. Many of the original ideas behind television originate (20) the late 19th and early 20th century. Even the Volkswagen rear engine ear was anticipated by a 1904 patent for a cart with the horse at the rear.

13()

A.wished

B.refusing

C.refused

D.wishing

答案

参考答案:D

解析:

从结构上来看,wishing to avoid a high cost足修饰anyone的,所以应该用动名词结构做定语,从意思上来看,人们当然是愿意通过剽窃专利以避免高额的研发费用,所以是选wish而不是refuse。

问答题 案例分析题

某物业服务企业项目经理工作日志如下。请仔细阅读,并回答问题。

1月5日 晴

近日,公司就本年度物业服务收费计划征求各项目部意见。本项目部全体同志经过认真研究,认为所管项目属于普通住宅小区,物业管理服务需求的价格弹性大,提高收费标准容易引起业主不满,应建议公司维持原有收费标准。

2月6日多云

临近春节,准备向公司申请专项经费,用于购买慰问品,探望去年底因电梯事故而向政府投诉的三位业主,争取他们对我们服务工作的支持。

3月5日多云

上午,公司赵总来电话,要求本小区公共场地露天停车场白天向邻近大厦的车辆开放,既提高了车场使用率,又可以为公司创造收入。我觉得小区露天停车场白天确实有大量的富余车位,如果出租给附近大厦使用,可为公司每年创收近百万元。但是,我们如果将停车场出租创收,又恐引起业主不满。思考再三,决定先开放停车场试试,出了问题再说。

4月2日晴

针对小区内个别住宅楼内的楼层地面出现松动、空鼓、开裂以及少量地面砖破裂的现象。工程部安排施工人员对出现问题的住宅楼进行了维修。今天上午,我组织了各部门的人员联合进行验收,发现部分工程未达到质量要求,当即请工程部组织返修。

5月20日阴

五月上旬,公司人力资源部组织新近入职的大学生到我们项目部进行岗前实习。员工普遍反映实习人员学历较高,学习能力较强,但物业管理专业知识普遍不足。考虑到目前项目部人员严重不足,我还是要求公司选派一部分实习人员到我处工作。相信经过一段时间学习和工作后,他们是能够胜任工作的。

问题

请用社会学中社会化的相关知识,结合5月20日的工作日志,解释开展企业员工培训的重要性。

多项选择题