问题 单项选择题


Directions: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are 4 choice marked A, B, C and D.

During recent years we have heard much about "race": how this race does certain things and that race believes certain things and so on. Yet, the (51) phenomenon of race consists of few surface indications.
We judge race usually from the coloring of the skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But (52) you were to remove the skin you could not tell anything about the race to which the individual belonged. There is nothing in physical structure, the brain or the internal organs to (53) a difference.
There are four types of blood. All types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race. Human brains are the (54) No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the individual belonged. Brains will (55) in size, but this occurs within every race. (56) does size have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain ever examined belonged to a person of weak (57) . On the other hand, some of our most distinguished people have had (58) brains.
Mental tests which are reasonably (59) show no differences in intelligence between races. High and low test results both can be recorded by different members of any race. (60) equal educational advantages, there will be no difference in average standings, either on account of race or geographical location.

A.Provided

B.Concerning

C.Given

D.Following

答案

参考答案:C

解析:根据上下文的逻辑关系,此处的短语“equal educational advantages”是一个假设的条件,而非真实情况,所以首先排除选项B和D。Provided(that)和Given都可以表示条件,但Provided(that)后跟从句,而Given既可以跟从句,也可跟名词或名词词组,所以此处选C。

单项选择题

阅读下面的文章,完成下列各题。

数理科学和中国山水画

比较这两个从表面看来好像丝毫不搭界的人类文化领域,是为了更好地把握数学的实质。

中国山水画主张画家周览四海名川大山以自广。______只有先知天地之壮观,而后方能激发志气;只有罗五岳于胸中,才能收万象于笔下;只有看尽天下山水,才能下笔有生机。

数理科学也是如此。______十九世纪法国数学家傅立叶说:“数学最丰富的源泉是对自然界作深入的研究。”以他的姓氏命名的傅立叶级数正是他在《热的分析理论》一书中首先发展起来的。要知道,热现象是自然界存在的最普遍的形式之一。有人称赞这部书是“一首数学诗”,我则把它看成是一幅中国山水画。事实上,诗、画和数理科学并无二道。三者都是峰峦高下,烟云吞吐,万变自溢于寸心,下笔天成。

数理科学和山水画都是大自然在画家心灵深处久久孕育经过艺术加工最后所得到的产物。对于这两类画家,大自然都是取之不尽的创作源泉。两者都强调“师法造化”的现实主义传统。在数学史上,数学分析创作的源泉,几乎全来自对自然现象的描述。在现代数学中,情形亦复如此。即使是无法查明一些最美妙的数学概念的灵感直接来源于大自然,但间接来自于她却是无疑的。

因为一切熠熠发光的数理科学和山水画均来自自然界的真实美感,所以才能把人引导到“望秋云,神飞扬;临春风,思浩荡”的审美境界。

再者,中国山水画还强调以形写神,或遗貌取神,摄取造化神韵,主张写实和写意的统一。作为另一种类型的艺术创作活动,数理科学也是写实和写意的绝妙统一。或者说数理科学家既是写实画派又是写意画派,别的不讲,就说圆周这个公式吧:C=2πR,它取自于大自然(写实),又高于大自然(写意)。它纯粹是数学家的“胸中圆”。比起自然界所有呈圆形的物,它都更圆,更正宗,更纯粹。C=2πR是圆中之圆,只要丌的值取得足够精确,它就越呈圆形,而高于自然界。这是另一种“青,取之于蓝,而青于蓝;冰,水为之,而寒于水”。或者说,在我们这个宇宙没有一个可感觉的对象是绝对呈圆形的,而数学所研讨的C=2πR却是绝对意义上的圆!所以我们千万不要小看这个出现在中学课本里的数学公式。

看来,思想的对象比感官知觉的对象更真实;思想比感官也更高贵。这便是我的科学自然观和自然哲学观。

对文中“以形写神”、“遗貌取神”的理解,正确的一项是()。

A.两者皆以“形”为手段,以“神”为表现目的

B.两者都重“神”轻“形”

C.两者都是形、神统一,而以“神”为中心

D.是两种不同的技法,没有共同之处

单项选择题