问题 问答题 案例分析题

背景材料:

某桥基础为6根2.0m的桩基,桩长20m,地质条件如下:原地面往下依次为粘土、砂砾石、泥岩,承包人拟选用冲爪钻成孔。采用导管法灌注水下混凝土,导管使用前进行了水密试验,为防止导管沉放过程中接触钢筋笼,导管居中后快速沉放,并将导管底部沉放到距桩底1m处,之后开始浇筑混凝土。

(1)施工单位选用的钻机类型是否合适?请说明理由。

(2)施工单位采用导管法浇筑水下混凝土时存在哪些问题?

答案

参考答案:

(1)不合适,应使用冲击钻。因为泥岩为较软岩石,冲爪钻不适用,但冲击钻适用。

(2)还应进行导管的承压和接头抗拉试验;导管应居中稳步沉放;导管底部距桩底的距离一般为0.25~0.4m。

阅读理解

Every pet owner loves his pet. There is no argument here.

But when we asked our readers whether they would clone(克隆) their beloved animals, the answers were split almost down the middle. Of the 228 readers who answered it, 108 would clone, 111 would not and nine weighed each side without offering an opinion.

Clearly, from readers’ response, this is an issue that reaches deeply into both the joy and final sadness of owning a pet. It speaks, as well, to people’s widely differing expectations over the developing scientific procedure.

Most of the respondents (被调查的人) who liked the idea strongly believed it would produce at least a close copy of the original; many felt the process would actually return an exact copy. Those on the other side, however, held little hope a clone could never truly recreate a pet, many simply didn’t wish to go against the natural law of life and death.

Both sides expressed equal love for their animals. More than a few respondents owned “the best dog/cat in the world”. They thought of their pets as their “best friend”, “a member of the family,” “the light of my life.” They told moving stories of pets’ heroism(英勇精神), cleverness and selfless devotion.

“People become very close to their animals, and the loss can be just as hard to bear as when a friend or family member dies,” says Gary Kowalski, author of Goodbye, Friend: Healing Wisdom for Anyone Who Has Ever Lost a Pet. “For me, cloning feels like an attempt to turn death away…It’s understandable. Death is always painful. It’s difficult to deal with. It’s hard to accept.”

  But would cloning reduce the blow? This question seemed to be at the heart of this problem.

71. So far as the cloning of pets is concerned, a recent survey shows that, of all pet owners, __________.

A. a lot more of them are for it  

B. a lot more of them are against it

C. very few of them are willing to tell their opinions

D. about half of them are for it and the other half against it

72. While talking about the respondents from the readers, the underlined expression “final sadness of owning a pet” refers to ___________.

A. the death of one’s pet   

B. the high cost of owning a pet

C. the troubles one has to deal with in keeping a pet

D. the dangers involved in the cloning of a pet

73. In spite of(尽管) their differences on the problem of cloning, it seems that ________.

A. all pet owners try to go against the natural law of life and death

B. all pet owners love their pets very much

C. people who support cloning love their pets more

D. people who dislike cloning love their pets more

74. From what Gary Kowalski says, we can know that he _________.

A. has never thought about the problem of cloning

B. is going to write another book on pets

C. support the idea of cloning pets

D. is all against the cloning of pets

75. What is the key question at the heart of the problem of cloning pets?

A. Can cloning make one suffers less pain when a pet dies?

B. Can pet owners afford the cost of cloning?

C. Does cloning go against the law of nature?

D. Can cloning really produce an exact copy of one’s pet?

单项选择题