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问题 单项选择题

Beyond question, Clinton was supposed to close up, stay out of sight, and avoid second- guessing his wife’s boss. After his ego blustered into oncoming traffic during Hillary’s heated primary race (1) Obama, the nation suffered from yet another turn of Clinton fatigue.

(2) this week Bill Clinton showed an instinct for robust, inclusive leadership that the (3) White House occupant could make good use of right for the time being. With President Obama struggling to (4) the political damage from the Gulf oil spill, Clinton not only can’t help himself—he’s worth being listened.

The conventional-wisdom (5) on President Obama’s early reaction to the spill was (6) he didn’t emote enough. He didn’t feel the (7) of all those people in the crisis whose livelihood would be destroyed, whose clean waters and wildlife would be (8) in black gunk.

Clinton considers this is an unfair (9) but offers a different—and more pointed— lesson to his young successor. "I think we ought to (10) in the same boat for a while... Let’s just (11) the problem, and then we can hold everybody responsible and emote or not emote, " Clinton conversed (12) CNN Anchor Wolf Blitzer.

Obama’s first (13) after the oil spill was to "feel the blame" rather than "feel the pain, " which are pretty sarcastic words as it were. No one intends to let British Petroleum (BP) management (14) the hook—for dangerously cutting corners, and for a (15) safety record. However, the President’s (16) focus on scolding BP consumed (17) White House energy while the oil gushed.

Great leaders don’t rush to criticise; Instead they instinctively (18) solutions. Rudy Giuliani, who didn’t stop to blame (19) intelligence for letting it happen, stood out from New York mayor with a girlfriend problem to 9/11 hero when he took control of a crisis and instilled confidence that a ravaged city could (20) beyond a terrorist attack.

5（）

A.criticism

B.warning

C.advice

D.compliment

答案

参考答案：A

解析：

[试题考点] 上下文语意关系和名词词义辨析。

[解题思路] 本题空格所在部分"The conventional-wisdom ______" 为句子的主语，其后是介宾短语on President Obama’s early reaction to the spill作后置定语解释说明主语，谓语为系动词was，该句意为“对奥巴马总统最初的反应的普遍______是……”，根据后面的he didn’t emote enough(他情绪表现得不够)可知，这是对其最初反应的负面评价，四个选项中，只有选项[A]可表达此含义。criticism作名词时，意为“指责；批评”。

[干扰排除] 选项[B]warning意为“警告”，选项[C]advice意为“劝告；建议”，选项[D]complement意为“赞美；称赞”，这三项均与后文中的he didn’t emote enough不符，故可排除。

填空题

在项目投资决策之前必须进行投资项目可行性研究和（）。
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单项选择题

By the early 1950s, some business people began to recognize that efficient production and extensive promotion did not guarantee that customers would buy products. These businesses, and many others, found that they must first determine what customers want and then produce it, rather than make products and try to change customers’ needs to fit what is expected. As more organizations realized the importance of knowing customers’ needs, U.S. businesses entered the marketing era, one of market or customer orientations (取向, 方向). Orientation toward customer satisfaction has resulted in increased concern about ethics and social responsibility and brought about an expansion into global markets. Management at many organizations has realized that we are in the "Total Quality Era", in which improved product quality, and customer focus are major components of successful domestic and global operations.

Because the marketing concept affects many parts of a business’s operations, and not just marketing, an organization’s top management must adopt it wholeheartedly. High-level executives must incorporate the market orientation into their management philosophies so completely that customers become the organization’s most important concern.

Management’s second major task is to restructure the organization. To satisfy customers’ objectives as well as its own, a company must coordinate all activities. To achieve this, the internal operations and overall objectives of one or more departments may need restructuring. If the head of the marketing unit is not a member of the organization’s top-level management, he or she should be. Some departments may have to be abolished and new ones created. Implementing (实施, 执行) the marketing concept demands the support not only of top management, but also of managers and staff at all levels. The transformation to an organization with a market orientation takes time. In the short run, a firm may experience the need to retain employees, financial constraints, limits on technology, capital equipment limitations, and prohibitive union work rules.

Even when an information system is established and the company reorganized, the firm’s new marketing approach may not work perfectly. First, a firm’s ability to satisfy customers’ needs for a particular product is limited. In a mass production economy, most business organizations cannot tailor products to fit the exact needs of each customer. Second, a company may be unable to learn what customers want, and when it does correctly identify customers’ needs, it often has a hard time developing a product that satisfies those needs. Third, by striving to satisfy one segment (部分, 部门) of society, a firm sometimes dissatisfies other segments. Producers of tobacco currently face this situation. Fourth, a company may have trouble maintaining employee morale during any restructuring to coordinate the activities of various departments.

Which of the following statements is NOT true().

A. To restructure the organization may need a long time.

B. To transform the organization into one with market orientation may entail some temporary troubles.

C. The restructuring of an organization may be done without the support of all managers.

D. The restructuring of an organization may destroy employee morale.
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