问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下文,回答问题。

梁 祝

春之魂,梁祝之魂,爱与美生生不息的轮回与再现。在周之梦太柔和 、太飘逸、太让人像雪一样在春天里想融化。蝶是美的,兼具视觉和幻觉的美!

蝶在红花绿叶间翩翩,你觉得美;捏一只蝶央入书本,即使枯了,那美的形韵犹在。若当真有蝶入梦,会不会茫然若失地问:我是谁?谁是我?

世间万物,变幻莫测,人的感觉与联想由此及彼,由真及幻地造出许多美来。如魂一样的蝶,如蝶一样的梦,岁岁年年在春天里苏醒和舞蹈的魂一样、梦一样的那段不了情缘,都美得颤人,梦魂与情本属无形,及借蝶之形的让人可观瞻与想象罢。

想象无所拘约,几乎无所不能,无所不在,但人们或许没有想到蝶的本质与由来。假如我说,那些美如仙子的蝶皆为毛毛虫是蝶的幼年或童年!

丑与美之间或许有一个涅槃与再生的过程。(甲)蝶之美当然也例外,必须经历毛毛虫那丑的阶段了。(乙)丑小鸭可以变成天鹅,多刺的仙人掌能开出极美的花,(丙)其道理或变如此罢。(丁) 庄周化蝶是高层次的彻悟,而悟的本身就是一种痛苦与沉思的过程;梁祝化蝶是对爱情的执著与不渝,但从某种意义上讲,执著也可视为一中磨难与历劫。磨难完成你的人生,痛苦使你理想升华与辉煌。艰难困苦,玉汝于成。所以,磨难对于一个来说,未必不是一个难得的由毛毛虫变成蝴蝶的机遇。

人生有很多机遇,这些机遇有可能伴随社会大变革而来,让你惊天动地,有一番经天纬地的作为,但更锪则是潜匿于日常生活之中。一次偶然的忍让,一次给予别人的帮助,一丝小小的善念等,都可能让你完成和完善自我,而升跃到某种更高的境界。从小事做起,是你嬗变的必需,你不可忽视。

不必自卑自弃自惭形秽自甘堕落,不是每个伟人都有与生俱来的辉煌,不是每个成功者都是一帆风顺。美从丑陋中提炼,成功由失败奠基。世界上不可能有十全十美的人和事,若是十全十全美,或许就不能称其为美了。美是因比较而存在,残缺的美也许更具有美学价值。如断臂的维纳勘斯,如梵高稚拙的绘画,如那些有些并非美妙童年的蝴蝶……

我们都可能是毛毛虫,但都有着化蝶的希望;我们都可能是蝴蝶,却也有过毛毛虫的经历。所以,丑不必自弃、美不可自骄,关键是珍惜人生,珍视人生,不回避磨难,不放过机遇地修炼自身,你就会蝶一样自如自在地美了……

1、文中“梁祝之魂”、“庄周之梦”分别是梁山伯、祝英台的“祷墓化蝶”和“庄生梦蝶”的典化用法。指出下列解说中不恰当的一项 (  )

A、“梁祝化蝶”的故事反映在封建制度的压迫下所发生的婚姻惨变。说明广大人民的婚姻,不能美满于生前,却想团圆于死后,这是一种追求,一种幻想,也是一种对压迫者的反抗。同时应看到这里被压迫的人民大众的惨痛愿望,也是无可奈何的慰藉。

B、“庄生梦蝶”的故事原为阐明道家物化的道理,后用以比例扑朔迷离的情境,或对往事的追忆和梦境。唐朝诗人李商隐《无题》诗:“庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶,望帝春心托杜鹃”也援引了“庄生梦蝶”的典故。

C、“梁祝化蝶”反映了新兴市民阶层对于爱情幸福的追求和对于现实人生的热爱。“鬼团圆”在现实生活中是不存在的,但这种大胆的想象,却反映了当时市民阶层对封建统治阶级的抗议和对自由生活的渴望。不可否认,“鬼团圆”也渲染了迷信色彩。

D、“庄生梦蝶”典故出自《庄子·齐物论》:“昔者庄周梦为蝴蝶,栩栩然 蝴蝶也。自喻适志与?不知周也。”唐朝李白《古风》诗云:“庄周梦蝴蝶,蝴蝶梦庄周,一体更变易,万事良悠悠。”庄周是战国时著名思想家、道家学派的重要代表。

2、下面四句话是从原文中摘录下来的,若放回原文,应在 A、B、C、D 中的哪一处?(  )凤凰之美须在涅槃之后;黄金之美须经历高温的冶炼;蝉鸣之美须得在泥土之中经历三年之久的沉埋之苦;丝绸之美须有哪吐丝数次痛彻肌肤的嬗蜕。

A、甲处 B、乙处 C、丙处 D、丁处

3、理解、归纳本文的主旨,选出说法恰当的一项 (  )

A、人生总会经历由丑变美的演化过程。

B、人生的机遇都有化蝶的希望。

C、人生必经蝶似的嬗变,方能达到美的境界。

D、人生有经历磨难,把握机遇,方能走向辉煌。

4、下列句子都描写蝴蝶,鉴赏后指出评说不当的一项 (  )

A、描写蝴蝶有正面描写,也有侧面描写。

B、描写蝴蝶巧用陪衬,或写风,或写花,或写飞禽等。

C、上述例句中有五句运用了对比手法。

D、上述例句中有四句展示了四季景色。

答案

1。C   

2。A    

3。D     

4。D

1.(“梁祝化蝶”是用浪漫主义的手法表达对爱情忠贞不渝的赞美,不能说是渲染了迷信色彩。)

2.无

3.无

4.无

单项选择题
单项选择题

When Dave was eighteen, he bought a secondhand car for 200 so that he could travel to and from work more (1) than by bus. It worked quite well for a few years, but then it got so old, and it was costing him (2) much in repairs that he decided that he had better (3) it.

He asked among his friends to see if anyone was particularly (4) to buy a cheap car, but they all knew that it was falling to pieces, so (5) of them had any desire to buy it. Dave’s friend Sam saw that he was (6) when they met one evening, and said, "What’s (7) , Dave"

Dave told him, and Sam answered, "Well, what about advertising it in the paper You may (8) more for it that way than the cost of the advertisement!" Thinking that Sam’s (9) was sensible, he put an advertisement in an evening paper, which read "For sale: small car, (10) very little petrol, only two owners. Bargain at 50. " For two days after the advertisement first appeared, there was no (11) . But then on Saturday evening he had an enquiry. A man rang up and said he would like to (12) him about the car. "All right, " Dave said, feeling happy. He asked the man whether ten o’clock the next morning would be (13) or not. "Fine, " the man said, "and I’ll (14) my wife. We intend to go for a ride in it to (15) it. "

The next morning, at a quarter to ten, Dave parked the car in the square outside his front door, (16) to wait there for the people who had (17) his advertisement. Even Dave had to (18) that the car really looked like a wreck. Then, soon after he had got the car as clean (19) it could be, a police car stopped just behind him and a policeman got out. He looked at Dave’s car and then said, "Have you reported this (20) to us yet, sir\

10().

A.uses 

B.loses 

C.has 

D.spends