问题 单项选择题

A client in labor received an epidural anesthetic when her dilation reached 5 cm. Which of the following nursing diagnoses would have the highest priority for her at this time

A. Impaired skin integrity related to inability to move lower extremities.
B. Impaired urinary elimination related to the effects of the epidural.
C. Deficient knowledge related to lack of information about regional anesthesia.
D. Risk for injury related to hypotension secondary to vasodilation and pooling in extremities.

答案

参考答案:D

解析:The highest priority of care for the client receiving an epidural anesthetic is monitoring blood pressure and preventing hypotension, which is a frequent complication of regional anesthesia. IV fluids are given before the epidural agent to increase blood volume and cardiac output and to minimize hypotension.

材料分析题

材料:1979年,世界卫生组织自豪地宣布:“全世界已经消灭了天花。”这一胜利的首功应当归于英国医生琴纳,是他在实践上最先找到了制服天花的方法。200年前,天花是可怕的绝症,它无情地夺去了千百万人的生命。琴纳决心要制服这个恶魔,为此他进行了20多年的研究。在实际观察中,琴纳发现,天花对挤牛奶的人特别宽厚,总是躲着他们。这是什么原因呢?琴纳在动物身上做了多次接种试验,终于揭开了秘密。原来,几乎所有的奶牛都出过天花,不过它们抵抗得了。挤牛奶的人一旦接触奶牛 * * 上的浓浆,便感染上牛痘,产生一种能抵抗人痘(即天花)的能力。这就是说,人体在同轻性牛痘的斗争中,会产生一种免疫力。后来,琴纳发明了种牛痘的方法,挽救了无数人的生命。琴纳在实践中制服了天花,后来人们深深地感激这位伟大的医生。世界卫生组织在日内瓦为琴纳立碑,碑文上写着:“向母亲、孩子、和人民的英雄致敬!” 从认识论的角度回答

(1)为什么实践决定认识?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(2)医生琴纳花了20年制服天花给我们的启示是什么?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

单项选择题