问题 问答题

请综合我国宪法修正案的最新修订,简要分析我国对私有财产的保护问题。

答案

参考答案:

解析:对于私有财产的保护历来是大众关心的热点。以前我们通常只强调合法财产的所有权,而很少谈到对私有财产的保护,以至于公民的合法财产遭侵犯的情形屡有发生。但我国最新的宪法修正案对私有财产的保护作出了明确的规定。“公民的合法的私有财产不受侵犯。”“国家依照法律规定保护公民的私有财产权和继承权。”“国家为了公共利益的需要,可以依照法律规定对公民的私有财产实行征收或者征用并给予补偿。” 新的修订进一步扩大了受法律保护的私有财产的范围。以前宪法对私有财产权的保护,局限在对私有财产的所有权和继承权的保护上,又对受保护的财产所有权采取了列举的方式,限定于公民的合法收入、储蓄、房屋和其他合法财产的所有权和继承权。而现在则扩展到对生产资料等的保护上。对私有财产保护有着非常重要的现实意义: 1.对私有财产权的切实保护是市场经济的基本前提。从逻辑上讲,只有切实地保护私有财产权,企业和个人的产权才能得到保护。保护私有财产,就是保护企业和公民个人的财产。 只有市场主体掌握着足够安全的财产,市场才可能会逐步走向欣欣向荣。 2.我国经济发展的现实迫切需要切实保护私有财产权。在当代中国,保护私有财产权,更深的意义是在创造和保护投资环境。随着中国加入世界贸易组织和世界越来越一体化,人才和资本的国际流动越来越大。资本的逐利性使其总是向回报高和相对安全的地方流动。在这种情况下,一个国家的经济发展,已经不取决于他拥有多少资源和资本,而是取决于能吸引到多少资源和资本。如果我们不能给私有财产以切实保护,它们就会流向相对安全的地方。这对于我们的发展是十分不利的。 3.保护私有财产权会使我们的国家获得更加健康和迅速地发展。 此外,新的修正案还完善了对私有财产的征收、征用制度。明确了征收、征用的.三个条件:必须是出于公共利益的需要;必须依照法律规定;必须给予补偿。 当然,我们需要注意的是,保护私有财产是有条件的,保护的是“公民的合法的”私有财产,非法的和违法的私有财产不在保护之列。保护私有财产不是针对少数人或少数阶层,而是针对全社会所有的人,每一位公民都将拥有保护合法私有财产的宪法权利。

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根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出适当的选项补全短文。
     My uncle has a very beautiful umbrella. He's had it for years. As he is very careful with it, so it still looks
as good as new. 1______ He shook his head. "Then how did you get it?" I asked. "Well," he answered, 
"there's a strange true story about the umbrella. About ten years ago, I was walking along a quiet London
street one evening when it suddenly rained. I had no raincoat or umbrella. 2______ And the people in the
streets were fewer and fewer. As I was on my way to a party, I was afraid to get wet. So I stood in a
doorway and waited for the rain to stop. 3______ What was worse, there even wasn't a person around, and
still it rained and rained. At last a young man came to the place where I was standing. 4______ As I hoped he
would allow me to walk to the next corner with him, where I could get a taxi, I stepped out of the dark
doorway where I had been standing. 5______ As I suddenly appeared before him, the young man was so
shocked that he dropped the umbrella. He ran away and disappeared into the darkness. I picked up the
umbrella and continued my walk. I knew it would be hard in this big city to find the owner, so I've kept it
ever since."
A. Gradually, it grew quite dark.
B. He held a large umbrella over his head.
C. I asked him where he was going with that umbrella.
D. No buses ran through the street and there were no taxis.
E. I asked my uncle if he bought it or some one sent him as a gift.
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