问题 问答题

某建设项目计算期10年,其中建设期2年。项目建设投资(不含建设期贷款利息) 1 200万元,第一年投入500万元,全部为投资方自有资金;第2年投入700万元,其中 500万元为银行贷款,贷款年利率为6%。贷款偿还方式为:第3年不还本付息,以第 2年末的本息和为基准,从第4年开始,分4年等额还本,当年还清当年利息。

项目流动资金投资400万元,在第3年和第4年等额投入,其中仅第3年投入的 100万元为投资方自有资金,其余均为银行贷款,贷款年利率为8%,贷款本金在计算期最后一年偿还,当年还清当年利息。

项目第3年的总成本费用(含贷款利息偿还)为900万元,第4~10年的总成本费用均为1 500万元,其中,第3~10年的折旧费均为100万元。

问题:

1.计算项目各年的建设投资贷款和流动资金贷款还本付息额,并编制还本付息表。

2.列式计算项目第3年、第4年和第10年的经营成本。

3.项目的投资额、单位产品价格和年经营成本在初始值的基础上分别变动±10%,对应的财务净现值的计算结果见表7-2。根据该表的数据列式计算各因素的敏感系数,并对 3个因素的敏感性进行排序。

表7-2   单因素变动情况下的财务净现值表   单位:万元

4.根据表7-2中的数据绘制单因素敏感性分析图,列式计算并在图中标出单位产品价格的临界点。

答案

参考答案:

1.填还本付息表(表7-8和表7-9)。

表7-8  项目建设投资贷款还本付息表  单位:万元

表7-8中数据来源:

项目建设期贷款利息=1/2×500×6%=15万元

第3年初的累计借款=500+15=515万元

第3年应计利息=515×6%=30.90万元

第4年初的累计借款=515+30.90=545.90万元

第4~7年的应还本金=545.90/4=136.475万元

表7-9   项目流动资金贷款还本付息表   单位:万元

2.第3年的经营成本=900-100-30.9-8=761.1万元

第4年的经营成本=1 500-100-32.75-24=1 343.25万元

第10年的经营成本=1 500-100-24=1376万元

3.投资额=(1 190-1 300)/1 300/10%=-0.85(或0.85%)

单位产品价格=(320-1 300)/1 300/(-10%)=7.54(或7.54%)

年经营成本=(550-1 300)/1 300/10%=-5.77(或5.77%)

敏感性排序为:单位产品价格,年经营成本,投资额。

4.单位产品价格临界点=-1 300×10%/(1 300-320)

          =-13.27%[或1300×10%/(2 280-1 300)=13.27%]

单因素敏感性分析图如图7-2所示。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     The Internet is a big place. Nobody has the time to look at every webpage to find something. Search

engines (搜索引擎) like Yahoo give us a lot of help.

     Two Stanford University students, David Filo and Jerry Yang started it in 1994. They made a list of

their favorite webpages. When their list got bigger, they made a database (数据库) to keep all the

information. They let everyone use it for free. Soon, thousands of people were using it.

     They then made a new kind of software (软件). It looked at web pages all over the Internet. It could

then take that information and arrange it for someone to look at. If you look for "animals", the engine will

give you a list of web pages with those words.

      Yahoo became a public (公共的,公开的) company in 1996. Filo and Yang, still young men, became

rich. As the company grew, they went on working hard. They improved the software. They also put

more uses in, like shopping, free E-mail, booking tickets and so on. They started Yahoo in many different

countries and languages.    

     Yahoo. Com is famous on the Internet. And unlike most other web companies, Yahoo really makes

money.

1. When Yang and Filo wrote the first Yahoo software, they _____. [ ]

A. made people to use it

B. were still university students

C. knew it wasn't useful

D. were high school students

2. After Yang and Filo became rich, they _____.[ ]

A. became lazy

B. worked less

C. kept working hard

D. stopped working at Yahoo

3. What Yahoo services (服务) are not mentioned in the passage? [ ]

A. Buying and selling stocks.

B. Search engine.

C. E-mail.

D. Booking tickets.

4. Which of the following is true? [ ]

A. Yahoo was always a big company.

B. Yahoo is a private company.

C. Yahoo does not make people pay for their E-mail service.

D. Yahoo is losing money.

5. What does the passage think of most Internet companies? [ ]

A. They don't earn much money.

B. They are all famous.

C. They are just like Yahoo.

D. They are all in English.

单项选择题