问题 问答题

吴承恩在《西游记》中说到“禽有禽言,兽有兽语”,这里所指的“禽言”和“兽语”在动物的社群生活中发挥的作用是什么?它们与人类的语言有何异同?

答案

无论是“禽言”还是“兽语”以及人类的语言,其实质都是同种生物相互之间传递信息的信号。但是,动物的语言与人类的语言有本质的区别。动物的“语言”只是简单的信号,如一些活动、声音、气味等都是动物的“语言”。动物不像人类那样通过有意义的“语言”进行复杂的交流,因为动物的脑结构远不如人的脑结构复杂,没有思想,更不能通过有意义的语言获得某种信息。

单项选择题
单项选择题 案例分析题

Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.

Lead deposits, which accumulated in soil and snow during the 1960’s and 70’s, were primarily the result of leaded gasoline emissions originating in the United States. In the twenty years that the Clean Air Act has mandated unleaded gas use in the United States, the lead accumulation worldwide has decreased significantly.

A study published recently in the journal Nature shows that air-borne leaded gas emissions from the United States were the leading contributor to the high concentration of lead in the snow in Greenland. The new study is a result of the continued research led by Dr. Charles Boutron, an expert on the impact of heavy metals on the environment at the National Center for Scientific Research in France. A study by Dr. Boutron published in 1991 showed that lead levels in arctic (北极的) snow were declining.

In his new study, Dr. Boutron found the ratios of the different forms of lead in the leaded gasoline used in the United States were different from the ratios of European, Asian and Canadian gasolines and thus enabled scientists to differentiate (区分) the lead sources. The dominant lead ratio found in Greenland snow matched that found in gasoline from the United States.

In a study published in the journal Ambio, scientists found that lead levels in soil in the Northeastern United States had decreased markedly since the introduction of unleaded gasoline.

Many scientists had believed that the lead would stay in soil and snow for a longer period.

The authors of the Ambio study examined samples of the upper layers of soil taken from the same sites of 30 forest floors in New England, New York and Pennsylvania in 1980 and in 1990. The forest environment processed and redistributed the lead faster than the scientists had expected.

Scientists say both studies demonstrate that certain parts of the ecosystem (生态系统) respond rapidly to reductions in atmospheric pollution, but that these findings should not be used as a license to pollute.

Lead accumulation worldwide decreased significantly after the use of unleaded gas in the US ()

A.was discouraged

B.was enforced by law

C.was prohibited by law

D.was introduced