Germany’s chimney sweeps—hallowed as bringers of good luck, with their black top hats and coiled-wire brushes— are under attack. Last week the European Commission’s directorate for the internal market revived proceedings against an antiquated German law that protects sweeps against competition. The country’s chimney sweeps enjoy a near-perfect monopoly. Germany is divided into around 8000 districts, each ruled by its own master sweep who usually employs two more sweeps. Although this is a private enterprise, the maintenance and inspection service provided is compulsory and prices are set by the local authority: sweeps cannot stray outside their district, nor can householders change their sweep even if they loathe him. This rule cuts both ways. "There are some customers I can’t stand either," says one Frankfurt sweep.
The rationale is simple: chimney-sweeping and related gas and heating maintenance in Germany are treated as a matter of public safety. Annual or semi-annual visits are prescribed, keeping the sweeps busy all year round. For centuries, chimney-sweeps in Europe were a wandering breed. But in 1937 the chimney-sweep law was revised by Heinrich Himmler, then the acting interior minister. His roles tied chimney sweeps to their districts and decreed that they should be German, to enable him to use sweeps as local spies.
The law was updated in 1969, leaving the local monopolies in place but opening up the profession, in theory at least, to non-Germ, ans. But in practice few apply. Four years ago a brave Pole qualified as a master in Kaiserslautern, according to a fellow student, and this year an Italian did so in the Rhineland Palatinate. But he, like most newly qualified German masters, will spend years on a waiting list before he gets his own district.
The European Commission would like to see a competitive market in which people can choose their own sweeps, just as they choose builders or plumbers. It first opened infringement proceedings in 2003, and the German government of the time promised to change the law but failed to do so. And despite the huffing and puffing from Brussels, tile government is still reluctant to dismantle its antiquated system on safety grounds. The number of deaths from carbon-monoxide poisoning in Germany is around one-tenth that in France or Belgium, claims the Frankfurt sweep. So Germans are likely to be stock with their neighbourhood Schornsteinfegers—whether they can stand each other or not—for some time to come.
Which of the following is the best title of the passage（）
A. Update of Chimney Sweeps’ Law
B. Chimney Sweeps under File.
C. Chimney Sweeps in German
D. Non-Germans or Not
参考答案：B
解析：
[直击题眼] 全文主旨。
[深层剖析] 文章一开始就提到德国的烟囱清洁工受到了攻击(under attack)，文中又用很多事例说明了德国的烟囱清洁垄断法令带来的弊端及国人及欧盟对它的反对意见，所以[B]最能概括全文主旨，其中under fire意思是“受到攻击或责难”。
[主干扰项分析] [C]“德国的烟囱清洁”涉及太广，主题不明确。[A]只是文章内容的一部分，文中提到这项法令的两次修改，一是1937年纳粹时期，二是1969年，第二次修改及其后德国的修改承诺都是[B]引起的结果。
[次干扰项分析] 德国的烟囱清洁垄断不只表现在只用德国人上，而且每个街区都有固定的清洁工，且他们不能跨区工作，所以[D]并不能概括全文内容，且这样的题目也太宽泛，容易让读者不知所云。