问题 问答题

阅读下列材料
材料一:
近五十年来,中国人渐渐知道自己的不足了。第一期,先从器物上感觉不足。第二期,是从制度上感觉不足。第三期,便是从文化根本上感觉不足。拿我们这五十年和别人家的五十年来比,我们可是惭愧无地。试看这五十年的美国何如这五十年的日本何如这五十年的德国何如这五十年的俄国何如他们政治上虽然成败不同哭乐不等,至于学问思想界,真算得上一日千里。就是英、法等老国,有哪一个不是往前飞跑——梁启超《五十年中国进化概论》
材料二:
“合经子之奥言,探儒佛之微旨,詹中西之新理,穷天人之变赜”,“剖析今故,穷察后来”。
——梁启超(《饮冰室文集》)。
材料三:
“(《新学伪经考》)一、西汉经学,并无所谓古文者,凡古文皆刘歆伪作;二、秦焚书,并未厄及六经,汉十四博士所传,皆孔门足本,并无残缺;三、孔子时所用字,即秦、汉问篆书,即以‘文’论,亦绝无今古之目;四、刘歆欲弥缝其作伪之迹,故校中秘书时,于一切古书多所羼乱;五、刘歆所以作伪经之故,因欲佐莽篡汉,先谋湮乱孔子之微言大义。”——梁启超《清代学术概论》
材料四:
“以为生于中国,当先救中国。欲救中国,不可不因中国之历史习惯而利导之。又以为中国人公德缺乏,团体散涣,将不可以立于大地,欲从而统一之,非择一举国人所同戴而诚服者,则不足以结合其感情,而光大其本性,于是乎以孔教复原为第一著手。先生者,孔教之马丁路得也。”
——梁启超《南海康先生传》
材料五:
“今上圣明,必有复辟之一日,余受恩深重,无论如何不能忘记。惟有鞠躬尽瘁,力谋起兵勤王,脱其禁锢瀛台之厄,其他非余所知,只知冬裘夏葛而已。”——《革命逸史》
“各国联合救皇上复位”——《新党首领最后外交政策》)。
请回答:

在梁启超看来,对康有为如何评价康、梁晚年思想有什么差异

答案

参考答案:在梁启超看来,康有为是一代大儒,但晚年正是反清革命大发展的时期,不少康门弟子也感受到了革命大潮的影响,觉得只有用激烈手段推翻满清,才能实现救国和改革社会的目的。如梁启超,这位康门大弟子,也开始高唱革命排满之论。
而康有为仍顽固坚持自己的保皇立场,竭力宣传“用专制之权变法,乃今最适时之灵药”,认为革命将导致亡国(《康有为政论集》上)。种种迹象表明,这位曾经是救国变法领袖的康有为,此时显然已经大大地落后于时代,而成为了革命绊脚石。
1903年,章太炎发表《驳康有为论革命书》,公开激烈地批判康有为的保皇论调。这一檄文,曾在海内外引起过巨大反响。
1904年,孙中山也发表《敬告同乡书》,号召人们“大倡革命,毋惑保皇”。历史正在抛弃这位不愿再前进的保皇派领袖。可见,做人的历史也如逆水行舟,不进则退。

选择题
阅读理解

            People can be addicted to different things— e.g.alcohol, drug, certain foods,or eventelevision.People who have such an addiction are compulsive: they have a very powerfulpsychological need that they feel they must satisfy.According to psychologists, many peopleare compulsive spenders.They feel that they must spend money.This compulsion, like mostothers, is impossible to explain reasonably.For compulsive spenders who buy on credit, chargeaccounts are even more exciting than money.In other words, compulsive spenders feel thatwith credit, they can do anything.Their pleasure in spending large amounts is actually greaterthan the pleasure that they get from the things they buy.

There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting.To save money, of course, mostpeople look for sales, low prices, and discounts.Compulsive bargain hunters,however, oftenbuy things that they don't need just because they are cheap.They want to believe that they arehelping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game.When they can buysomething for less than other people, they feel that they are winners.Most people, expertsclaim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and thereal reason.

It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, butalso business people.Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business.They consider people's needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs andopinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods.

Psychologists often use a method called "behavior therapy(疗法)"to help individuals solvetheir personality problems.In the same way, they can help people who feel that they haveproblems with money.

小题1:According to psychologists, a compulsive spender is one who spends large amounts ofmoney              

A.and takes great pleasure from what he or she buys

B.in order to satisfy his or her basic needs in life

C.just to meet his or her strong psychological need

D.entirely with an irrational eagerness小题2:According to the passage, compulsive bargain hunters are often in search of the lowest possible prices                      .

A.because they feel satisfied if they spend less money than others

B.because they like to show off their success in getting things for less money

C.because they have money problem

D.because they want to save money to help heir budget小题3:The passage is mainly talking about

A.the psychology of money-spending habits

B.the purchasing habits of compulsive spenders

C.a special psychology of bargain hunting

D.the use of the psychology of spending habits in business小题4:From the passage we may safely conclude that compulsive spenders or compulsive bargainhunters .

A.are really unreasonable

B.need special treatment

C.can't be cured

D.can never get any help to solve their problems with money