问题 单项选择题

为了限制路由信息传播的范围,OSPF协议把网络划分成4种区域(Area),其中______的作用是连接各个区域的传输网络,______不接受本地自治系统之外的路由信息。

A.不完全存根区域
B.标准区域
C.主干区域
D.存根区域

答案

参考答案:D

解析: OSPF路由器使用其所在的不同区域进行身份标识,而OSPF区域类型通常有以下几种,这几种区域的主要区别在于它们和外部路由器间的关系:
(1)标准区域:一个标准区域可以接收链路更新信息和路由总结。主干区域(传递区域):主干区域是连接各个区域的中心实体。主干区域始终是“区域0”,所有其他的区域都要连接到这个区域上交换路由信息。主干区域拥有标准区域的所有性质。
(2)存根区域:存根区域是不接受自治系统以外的路由信息的区域。如果需要自治系统以外的路由,它使用默认路由0.0.0.0。
(3)完全存根区域:它不接受外部自治系统的路由以及自治系统内其他区域的路由总结。需要发送到区域外的报文则使用默认路由:0.0.0.0。完全存根区域是Cisco自己定义的。
(4)不完全存根区域(NSAA):它类似于存根区域,但是允许接收以LSA Fype 7发送的外部路由信息,并且要把LSAType 7转换成LSAType 5。
区分不同OSPF区域类型的关键在于它们对外部路由的处理方式。外部路由由ASBR传入自治系统内,ASBR可以通过RIP或者其他的路由协议学习到这些路由。

单项选择题
完形填空
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、、C、D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My first memories of acts of kindness are from when I was about 12 years old. From then on I always 36  at home and with friends.
That winter I notice that many  37   people had difficulty getting to the  38  store after a snowstorm. So I started to spend part of a   39   Saturday knocking at apartment doors to ask if any one needed 40  from the store. The grocery store was down a huge hill and I would bring   41   a couple of bags of groceries for them. I liked it and it made them so 42  .
It started with  43  alone and then the number grew. A short time later, my 44  in the building asked what I was doing and a couple of them  45  and it became a routine. I  46  asked for or took money for it. Sometimes the ladies 47  slip the change in my pocket. I would just buy something the next time to give to them, 48 flowers or a card. I did this every 49_ up to when I left to go to college.
When I was away at   50 , many people asked my mom how I was doing. Through those conversations she  51  what I used to do -—I had never told her.
Now, I’m a teacher and teaching my students the art of true 52 ; Everyone in the world needs help, and everyone can also   53  help. The image of those old people’s happiness caused by my      54 of goodwill appears in my mind every time I have the chance to do something   55 . This is the power of charity.
小题1:
A.look aroundB.run aboutC.help outD.act up
小题2:
A.lazyB.youngC.elderlyD.disabled
小题3:
A.groceryB.clothesC.foodD.medicine
小题4:
A.sunnyB.cloudyC.rainyD.snowy
小题5:
A.anythingB.nothingC.allD.few
小题6:
A.forwards B.inC.backD.out
小题7:
A.surprised B.interestedC.ashamedD.happy
小题8:
A.myselfB.meC.themselvesD.them
小题9:
A.classmatesB.studentsC.relativesD.friends
小题10:
A.gave upB.joined inC.paid upD.turned away
小题11:
A.sometimesB.notC.neitherD.never
小题12:
A.wouldB.should C.couldD.dared
小题13:
A.likeB.asC.byD.for
小题14:
A.dayB.weekC.month D.winter
小题15:
A.schoolB.collegeC.leisure D.work
小题16:
A.recognizedB.followedC.learnedD.proved
小题17:
A.friendshipB.usefulnessC.successD.kindness
小题18:
A.offerB.ownC.accept D.reward
小题19:
A.actsB.wordsC.thoughtD.test
小题20:
A.unusualB.successfulC.hardD.nice