问题 问答题 案例分析题

材料一民族主义在中世纪尚未成型,当时所有的西方基督教徒都属于天主教会,所有受过教育的人都使用拉丁语——因而在那些世纪里,无人知晓民众应该忠于国家这一点。

……民族主义直到西欧资产阶级开始分享或获得全部权力时,才呈现出其近代的形式。由于西欧的资产阶级是以国家的名义分享或获得全部权力的,因而国家也就不再是国王、国王的领土和国王的臣民。更确切地说,国家这时已经是由公民(19世纪末以前仅指有财产的公民)组成的。----上述材料均引自《全球通史》

材料二近代中国民族主义是在空前的变局之下,因受外力刺激而形成和迅速发展起来的。一方面,在具有高度文化的“西夷”面前,不得不放弃古代的华夷观念;另一方面,在“西夷”的侵略面前,为谋自救而迅速激活了民族意识。此民族意识已逐渐摆脱古代的华夷观念,而导向建立独立的近代民族国家的目标。建立近代民族国家,是近代民族主义的核心内容。梁启超是中国揭示和宣传近代民族主义的第一人。梁氏在《论中国学术思想变迁之大势》一文中,又首次提出了“中 * * ”的概念。梁启超还最早表明建立民族国家的问题,他于1902年2~4月在《新民丛报》上发表《论民族竞争之大势》,明确提出:“今日欲救中国,无他术焉,亦先建设一民族主义之国家而已。”

----《光明日报》

材料三德意志人在普鲁士的领导下于1866年击败奥地利,于1870~1871年击败法国,然后建立起了他们的德意志帝国。到1871年民族主义的原则已在西欧获胜。在此之前,为了反抗资本主义列强殖民掠夺。亚洲各国人民掀起了轰轰烈烈的民族主义运动。其中典型的有伊朗巴布教徒起义、中国太平天国运动和印度民族大起义等。

----《全球通史》

材料四在北美,经过一百多年的发展,英属北美各殖民地经济往来日益密切。初步形成了统一的国内市场。同时,在长期的交流、融合过程中,英语成为来自各地移民的共同语言。逐渐产生了共同的文化——美国人民经过6年多的艰苦抗战,推翻了英国殖民统治,赢得了民族独立,建立了近代美洲第一个独立国家。

----《世界近代现代史》(上册)

概括19世纪中期东西方民族主义运动的不同特征。

答案

参考答案:

不同特征:

①东方主要属于反殖反封建斗争;

②西方具有资产阶级革命性质。

阅读理解

Dear mommy and daddy,

I write this letter to you in hopes that you should consider your method of parenting me before I arrive. I am a joyous child. I expect love and respect, order and discipline. When I arrive, I will seem very small to you. Even though I don’t look like an adult, please understand that I am a human being.

Even though I will not speak words to you, I will know you with my heart. I will feel all your feelings, absorb your thoughts. I will come to know you more than you may know yourself. Do not be misled (误导) by my silence. I am open, growing and learning more rapidly than you can imagine.

I will keep in heart all that I see, so please give me sweet music and language that tells me how much I am loved. Give me silence to rest my ears. I will absorb all that I feel, so please wrap life in love.

I am waiting patiently to be with you. I am so happy to have the opportunity to be alive. Maybe when you see me you will remember how precious life is too!

Your joyous child

小题1:According to the letter, why did the child write this letter?

A.Because the child wanted to apologize to its parents.

B.Because the child wanted the parents to consider the method of being parents.

C.Because the child expressed the happiness of having such parents.

D.Because the child wanted to show how much it understood its parents.小题2:According to the text, we can infer the “child” is in fact _______ .

A.a lovely boy

B.a joyous child

C.an unborn baby

D.a lovely girl小题3:The child in the text required all the following EXCEPT that ________ .

A.it should be looked on as a human being

B.it would like to be loved by its parents

C.it wanted to be with the parents an soon as possible

D.it wanted a place full of beautiful music and love language小题4:The letter is likely to be printed in the part of ______ in a magazine.

A.“Baby’s world”

B.“Current news”

C.“Young parent center”

D.“Science and our life”

单项选择题