Young girls at high risk for depression appear to have a malfunctioning reward system in their brains, a new study suggests. The finding comes from research that (1) a high-risk group of 13 girls, aged 10 to 14, who were not depressed but had mothers who (2) recurrent depression and a low-risk group of 13 girls with no (3) or family history of depression. Both groups were given MRI brain (4) while completing a task that could (5) either reward or punishment.
(6) with girls in the low-risk group, those in the high-risk group had (7) neural responses during both anticipation and receipt of the reward. (8) , the high-risk girls showed no (9) in an area of the brain called the dorsal anterior cingulated cortex (背侧前扣带皮质), believed to play a role in (10) past experiences to assist learning.
The high-risk girls did have greater activation of this brain area (11) receiving punishment, compared with the other girls. The researchers said that this suggests that high-risk girls have easier time (12) information about loss and punishment than information about reward and pleasure.
"Considered together with reduced activation in the striatal (纹状体的) areas commonly observed (13) reward, it seems that the reward-processing system is critically (14) in daughters who are at elevated risk for depression, (15) they have not yet experienced a depressive (16) ," wrote Ian H. Gotlib, of Stanford University, and his colleagues. " (17) , longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether the anomalous activations (18) in this study during the processing of (19) and losses are associated with the (20) onset of depression," they concluded. The study was published in the April of the Archives of General Psychiatry.
2（）
A.experienced
B.undertook
C.subjected
D.experimented
参考答案：A
解析：
[解题思路] 本句承接前一句内容，继续对实验群体进行说明。根据上文可知，这些女孩并没有患抑郁症，然后用but转折，指出她们的妈妈______复发性抑郁症，空格处可填“有过，患过”，选项中experienced符合句意。[B] undertook用法举例：We will undertake the construction of the bridge．我们将承担桥的修建工程。[C]subjected用法举例：How can you subject her will to your own你怎么能让她服从你的意愿呢[D] experimented用法举例：She began to experiment with chemical agents．她开始用化学制剂进行试验。由上下文语境和动词词义判断，[B]、[C]和[D]均不符合题意。