问题 问答题 简答题

汉赋演化的三个阶段及其主要特点

答案

参考答案:

汉赋的演变与发展经历了骚体赋、汉大赋、抒情小赋这三个时期:

(1)骚体赋骚体赋形成于西汉初期,代表作家作品有贾谊的《吊屈原赋》、《鵩鸟赋》与淮南小山的《招隐士》。大体而言,汉初赋作多近乎屈原的骚体,重在抒发一种凄恻哀怨的情感,并使用“兮”的语气词,因而汉初的赋从形式到内容都是对屈原骚体的继承。不过,汉初骚体赋在形式上也开始趋向散文化,同时又大量使用四字句,句法比较整齐,显示了由骚体向汉大赋的过渡。

(2)汉大赋(新体赋、散体大赋)汉大赋始兴于景、武之世并成为汉赋的主要样式。枚乘的《七发》是汉大赋的奠基之作,代表作家作品为司马相如《子虚赋》、《上林赋》。汉大赋用反复问答的问答体形式,以铺叙渲染帝王、贵族生活为手段,以微刺帝王、贵族淫奢为旨归,内容上改变了骚体那种哀怨愤激感情的抒发,形式上改变了楚辞多用语气词的特点,成为结构宏大、句式以四言为主、专事铺陈描写的散文。

(3)抒情小赋抒情小赋产生于东汉中后期。东汉中后期的赋,重在抒情述怀,篇制短小,故称之为抒情小赋。代表作家、作品为张衡的《归田赋》、赵壹的《刺世疾邪赋》。

阅读理解

People began to make robots about several hundred years ago. In the past, some of the early ones looked like animals or humans. However, they couldn’t talk and were pretty dumb. They worked like clocks and did the same things over and over again.

Now modern robots don’t always look like people. Some are like big machines; others are nothing but long arms attached to boxy(箱子般四四方方的)bodies. However, modern robots are smart. Some can solve problems on their own. Their brains are computers and their eyes are sensors(传感器). Motors(发动机)help them move.

In the future, robots will learn from their mistakes more than they do now. They will be smarter. It’s possible that we will have robot judges, robot household workers, and robot factory workers. Robots will help people to do more things.

小题1:How long is the history of robots? 

A.Hundreds of years.

B.Several hundred years.

C.Seven hundred years.

D.A hundred year.小题2:What’s the possible meaning of dumb? 

A.Talking like people.

B.Clever.

C.Unintelligent (迟钝).

D.Cute.小题3:Most robots look like people ______ .

A.in the past

B.clever

C.in the future

D.all the time小题4:Which of the following is NOT true about modern robots? 

A.Some robots can solve problems on their own.

B.Some robots are like big machines.

C.Modern robots are smart.

D.Some robots’ brains are sensors.小题5:What can’t robots do in the future according to the passage?

A.They can help people do housework.

B.They can work as judges.

C.They can work in the factory.

D.They can have brains as people.

单项选择题