问题 问答题

夸美纽斯对教育学的发展做出了哪些突出贡献

答案

参考答案:夸美纽斯对教育学的发展做出的突出贡献主要有:
(1)构建了教育学的学科基本框架,确定了教育学的基本研究内容。在《大教学论》中,夸美纽斯论述了教育目的、教育与社会、自然和人的关系、教学的内容、方法、组织形式、原则及规律、道德教育和教学管理等。
(2)强调普及义务教育,论证了普及义务教育的天然合理性。
(3)从理论上论证了教育适应自然的思想。强调人人都应受到同样的教育、教育要遵循人自然发展的规律和实行“泛智教育”。这一思想为后来的自然主义教育开辟了道路。
(4)在教育史上首次提出并论证了一系列教学原则。
(5)首次提出了“学年制”的思想,尤其是从理论上论证了“班级授课制”这一学校最基本的教学组织形式,使人类的学校教育更加趋向正规化。

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     Isn't it amazing how one person, sharing one idea, at the right time and place can change the course
of your life's history?When I was 14, I was a high school_1_with learning disabilities.
     One day I met an old man, a bum (流浪汉). He asked me if I was running away from home, because
I looked so_2_.Then he told me he had something grand to show me and_3_with me.We walked to the
downtown Library.
     The bum first brought a couple of old  4   and then started with a few  5   that
were very special and that changed my life.He said, "There are two things I want to  6   you.Number one
is to never  7   a book by its cover, for a cover can fool you."
     He followed with, "I'll  8  you think I'm a bum, don't you?"
     "Yes, I  9   so, sir."
     Well, young man, I've got a little  10   for you.I am one of the  11   men in the world.I have probably
everything any man could ever want.But a year ago, my wife  12  , and since then I have been deeply
  13  on life.I realized there were certain things I had not yet experienced in life, one of  14  was what it
would be like to live like a bum on the streets.For the past year, I have been going from city to city doing
just that.So, you see, don't ever judge a book by its cover, for a cover can fool you.
     "Number two is to learn how to  15  .For there is only one thing that people can't    16   away from
you, your wisdom."He  17   my right hand and put it upon the books he'd  18   from the  shelves, the
writings of Plato and Aristotle's everlasting  19   from ancient times.
     His  20   request was for me to never forget what he taught me.
     I haven't.
( )1. A. assistant  
( )2. A. tired      
( )3. A. agree      
( )4. A.  books      
( )5. A. demands    
( )6. A.  scold      
( )7. A. read        
( )8. A. bet        
( )9. A. hope        
( )10. A. enjoyment  
( )11. A. wealthiest
( )12. A. died away  
( )13. A. looking    
( )14. A. which      
( )15. A. read      
( )16. A. get        
( )17. A. shook      
( )18. A. bought    
( )19. A. artists    
( )20. A. greeting  
B. dropout      
B. old          
B. remain        
B. stories      
B. speeches      
B. remind        
B. judge        
B. hope          
B. guess        
B. shock        
B. healthiest    
B. went out      
B. insisting    
B. that          
B. write        
B. run          
B. checked      
B. pulled        
B. classics      
B. strict        
C. waiter      
C. familiar    
C. share        
C. novels      
C. lectures    
C. teach        
C. open        
C. wish        
C. did          
C. pleasure    
C. happiest    
C. passed away  
C. depending    
C. where        
C. recite      
C. take        
C. examined    
C. lent        
C. treasure    
C. supportive  
D. dealer        
D. young        
D. talk          
D. drinks        
D. statements    
D. confuse      
D. start        
D. decide        
D. wanted        
D. surprise      
D. strongest    
D. gave out      
D. reflecting    
D. them          
D. recognize    
D. work          
D. grabbed      
D. sold          
D. words        
D. parting      
单项选择题