问题 单项选择题

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宋代学者称杜甫为“圣于诗者”,这主要是指杜甫在诗歌史上地位而言。他们把杜甫视为“集大成”者,认为他是位无体不工、无美不备的诗人。到了后世把杜甫称为“诗圣”,这突出了杜诗的道德含义(郭沫若称其为“诗中圣哲”也是此意),符合杜诗中的儒学内涵。
“诗圣”的名号,使得杜诗所确立的“忧国忧民”思想逐渐成为了主流理论。不管你是否赞成,但都不能不承认诗歌写作应该反映现实和关注国家与人民命运。南宋诗人就说:“忧时本是诗人职,莫怪吟中感慨多。”这是赞成诗人应该忧国忧民的。也有不赞成的,明代的公安派代表作家袁宏道,提倡个性解放,不同意诗人应有“忧国忧民”的责任感。他在《显灵宫集诸公以麻城山林为韵》中说“新诗日日千余言,诗中无一忧民字”,“自从老杜得诗名,忧国爱民成儿戏”,仔细咀嚼诗意,可见袁氏虽然不赞成此说,但还是把“忧国忧民”看作当时诗歌创作中大多数人所遵循的原则。这些都说明对后世人士影响之深。
诗歌创作乃是中国古代读书人日常功课之一,古代学子平常接触最多当属杜诗。因为杜诗中规矩井然,所以,如应酬中大量运用的律体诗,当以杜甫写得最好,很少率意之作;科举考试中用的试帖诗可以模仿杜集中的“五排”(杜甫以后,很少再有人写出像杜甫这样多的高质量的“五排”了)。对杜诗的广泛的模仿从宋代就开始了。书商为了满足这个社会需求,还把杜诗分类编排,给模仿者以便利。这样,杜诗中的思想感情必然会从阅读的渠道渗入到士人们的思想意识中去。因此,杜诗中对后世文人士大夫性格的塑造产生影响绝不是夸诞之词。
中国的文学传统,特别是古典诗词对读者思想感情的陶冶力量是很难估量的。杜甫诗发扬了儒家思想中富于伦理价值的思想,对古代读书人有很大影响;施之于今日的教育之中,也当有积极的意义。

对古代文士积极学习杜诗的根本原因,解释最准确的一项是:

A.中国古代的读书人日常功课之一就是要学习诗歌创作。

B.杜诗合乎格律诗的要求,平仄押韵,规范合理,质量高,数量足。

C.书商们把杜诗分类编排,便利了古代文士们模仿各类杜诗。

D.通过阅读,杜诗中的思想感情容易渗入到士人们的思想意识中。

答案

参考答案:B

解析:[详解] 前面所说,杜甫是一位集大成者和承前启后的诗人,同样,他的诗歌的艺术成就对后代的影响也是巨大的,这是古代文士积极学习杜诗的根本原因,因此选B。

单项选择题 A1型题
阅读理解

D
“I started going to clubs when I was nineteen. My friends went and they told me that I’d love it. They were right.” –Lara
Lara is a twenty-one-year old student who loves dancing. “At the moment, my favorite kind of music is acid jazz. I’d love to go to a Fatboy Slim or Ken Ishii gig. They’re so cool,” says Lara. Fatboy Slim and Ken Ishii are not pop stars—they are famous DJs. Being a DJ these days means more than playing records at a nightclub. DJs like Fatboy Slim have also produced a lot of successful CDs of their own music.
Nightclubs have been popular since the seventies but today’s clubs are different. They don’t usually open until at least 11 pm, and people often stay until 7 or 8 o’clock the next morning. Some clubbers will keep on dancing until 12 o’clock in the morning.
Why has dance music become so popular? Some people believe that clubs give young people what the hippies found in the sixties. They have somewhere to meet people just like them. Many clubbers say that dance music helps them to escape from their problems. They feel they are part of a big happy family. But most people just love to dance.
Dance Dictionary
So, what is the difference between Garage and High Energy? Not sure? Well, you’re not alone! There are lots of different types of dance music. A few are described below.
Type of music
Speed
Description
High Energy
Very fast
Lots of remixed seventies songs
Garage
Fast
Lots of bass and keyboards
Acid Jazz
Quite fast
A mix of old and new jazz
Ambient
Slow or fast
Sometimes difficult to dance to
 
CITY CLUB GUIDE
Club Blue
Cover charge:
$12 (includes two drinks)
Music: mostly acid jazz
Free on Sunday night Closes at 3 a.m.
99
Cover charge: $6
Music:  garage, Closes at 2a.m.
The Warehouse
Cover charge:
$15($12 after 3am)
Music: high energy
SOHO
No cover charge, but drinks are $6 each.
Music: ambient
Open from 10p.m to 2 a.m.
71. Which of the following is not right about DJs?
A. They not only play records art a night club.
B. They are very cool in the eyes of music lovers.
C. Fatboy Slim and Ken Ishii are famous DJs.
D. Every DJ can produce his own CDs.
72. Many clubbers day that dance music helps them _________.
A. forget about their problems      B. escape from their families
C. keep fit                      D. become famous
73. Which of the following clubs is the cheapest?
A. 99 before 2 a.m.              B. Club blue on Sunday night
C. The Warehouse after 3 p/m/    D. SOHO after 10 p.m.
74. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. These days nightclubs usually stay open until 7 or 8 pm.
B. Most people go to the dance club because they like to meet people.
C. The Warehouse has the fastest dance music of all the clubs.
D. Now music played in the clubs are only new music.
75. If you like dancing to the fast and a mix of old and new Jazz, you’d better to ________.
A. Club Blue     B. 99         C. The Warehouse     D. SOHO