问题 单项选择题

Another critical factor that plays a part in susceptibility to colds is age. A study done by the University of Michigan School of Public Health revealed particulars that seem to hold true for the general population. Infants are the most cold-ridden group, averaging more than six colds in their first year. Boys have more colds than girls up to age three. After the age of three, girls are more susceptible than boys, and teenage girls average three colds a year to boys’ two.
The general incidence of colds continues to decline into maturity. Elderly people who are in good health have as few as one or two colds annually. One exception is found among people in their twenties, especially women, who show a rise in cold infections, because people in this age group are most likely to have young children. Adults who delay having children until their thirties and forties experience the same sudden increase in cold infections.
The study also found that economics plays an important role. As income increases, the frequency at which colds are reported in the family decreases. Families with the lowest income suffer about a third more colds than families at the upper end. Lower income generally forces people to live in more cramped quarters than those typically occupied by wealthier people, and crowding increases the opportunities for the cold virus to travel from person to person. Low income may also adversely influence diet. The degree to which poor nutrition affects susceptibility to colds is not yet clearly established, but an inadequate diet is suspected of lowering resistance generally.

Which of the following most probably means the word "particulars" underlined in Paragraph 1

A.Minor errors.

B.Specific facts.

C.Small distinctions.

D.Individual people.

答案

参考答案:B

解析:

[分析]: 词义题型 见第一段第一句(参见注释71)、第二句:一项由the University of Michigan School of Public Health所做的研究表明 ______ 似乎适用于全体民众。因此“particulars”在此应指上面所说的特殊论据,因此B为答案。

综合题

(32分)自古以来,人们对“天”的认识不断发展和变化,而“天”也有多种不同的内涵。阅读以下材料,回答问题 

材料一:从天而颂之,孰与制天命而用之——《苟子·天论》

材料二:受命之君,天意之所予也。故号为天子者,宜视天如父,事天以孝道也。”“臣谨案春秋之中,视前世已行之事,以观天人相与之际;甚可畏也。国家将有失道之败,而天乃先出灾害以谴告之,不知自省,又出怪异以警惧之,尚不知变,而伤败乃至。以此见天心之仁爱人君而欲止其乱也。——《汉书·董仲舒传》

材料三:科学发展观是进入新世纪后党的指导思想重要内容。科学发展观不赞成单纯为了经济增长而牺牲环境的容量和能力,也不赞成单纯为了保持环境而不敢能动地开发自然资源。二者之间的关系可以通过不同类型的调节和控制,达到在经济发展水平不断提高时,也能相应地将环境能力保持在较高的水平,上。其根本目的在维系人与’自然之间的协调发展。

材料四:自然研究用来宣布其独立……的一个革命行动,便是哥白尼那本不朽的著作的出版,他用这本书(《天体运行论》)来向自然事物方面的教会权威挑战。从此自然科学便开始从神学中解放出来……科学的发展从此便大踏步地前进。——恩格斯

(1)、材料一的基本主张是什么?举出战国时期与此相关的成就一例。(6分)

(2)、结合所学知识,回答材料二观点提出的背景,材料体现的董仲舒儒学思想核心是什么?结合材料对这‘思想进行简要的评价。(8分)

(3)、在材料四图片所体现的思想指导下,我国在20世纪50年代开展了什么运动?造成了什么危害?材料四的文字材料比图片在认识上有什么重大进步?结合所学知识,举出改革开放以来,我国在正确利用自然为人类服务方面的成就两例。(10分)

(4)、材料所说的那本不朽的著作对天与地的关系提出了怎样的观点?结合所学知识,回答出现材料四情况的社会条件以及在反封建方面的进步意义。(8分)

单项选择题