问题 问答题 简答题

酶固定化是为了克服游离酶应用过程中的哪些缺点?

答案

参考答案:(1)酶的稳定性较差:除了某些耐高温的酶,以及胃蛋白酶等可以耐受较低的pH条件以外,大多数的酶在高温、强酸、强碱和重金属离子等外界因素影响下,都容易变性失活。

(2)酶的一次性使用:酶一般都是在溶液中与底物反应,酶在反应系统中与底物和产物混在一起,反应结束后,即使酶仍有很高的活力,也难于回收利用。这种一次性使用酶的方式,不仅使生产成本提高,而且难于连续化生产。

(3)产物的分离纯化较困难:酶反应后成为杂质与产物混合在一起,无疑给产物的进一步分离纯化带来一定的困难。

单项选择题

Many theories concerning the causes of juvenile delinquency(crimes committed by young people) focus either on the individual or on society as the major contributing influence. Theories (91) on the individual suggest that children engage in criminal behavior (92) they were not sufficiently penalized for previous misdeeds or that they have learned criminal behavior through (93) with others. Theories focusing on the role of society suggest that children commit crimes in (94) to their failure to rise above their socioeconomic status, (95) as a rejection of middle, class values.
Most theories of juvenile delinquency have focused on children from disadvantaged families, (96) the fact that children from wealthy homes also commit crimes. The latter may commit crimes (97) lack of adequate parental control. All theories, however, are tentative and are (98) to criticism.
Changes in the social structure may indirectly (99) juvenile crime rates. For example, changes in the economy that (100) to fewer job opportunities for youth and rising unemployment (101) make gainful employment increasingly difficult to obtain. The resulting discontent may in (102) lead more youths into criminal behavior.
Families have also (103) changes these years. More families consist of one-parent households or two working parents; (104) , children are likely to have less supervision at home (105) was common in the traditional family (106) . This lack of parental supervision is thought to be an influence on juvenile crime rates. Other (107) causes of offensive acts include frustration or failure in school, the increased (108) of drugs and alcohol, and the growing (109) of child abuse and child neglect. All these conditions tend to increase the probability of a child committing a criminal act, (110) a direct causal relationship has not yet been established.

A.affect

B.reduce

C.check

D.reflect

填空题