问题 单项选择题

一个社会是公正的,则以下两个条件必须满足:第一,有健全的法律;第二,贫富差异是允许的,但必须同时确保消灭绝对贫困和每个公民事实上都有公平竞争的机会。
根据题干的条件,最能够得出以下哪项结论

A.S社会有健全的法律,同时又在消灭了绝对贫困的条件下,允许贫富差异的存在,并且绝大多数公民事实上都有公平竞争的机会。因此,S社会是公正的。
B.S社会有健全的法律,但这是以贫富差异为代价的。因此,S社会是不公正的。
C.S社会允许贫富差异,但所有人都由此获益,并且每个公民都事实上有公平竞争的权利。因此,S社会是公正的。
D.S社会虽然不存在贫富差异,但这是以法律不健全为代价的,因此,S社会是不公正的。
E.S社会法律健全,虽然存在贫富差异,但消灭了绝对贫困。因此,S社会是公正的。

答案

参考答案:D

解析: 题干说明了“有健全的法律”和“贫富差异是允许的,但必须同时确保消灭绝对贫困和每个公民事实上都有公平竞争的机会”是“一个社会是公正的”的必要条件。A、E是这个必要条件假言推理的肯定前件式,是无效的;D是必要条件假言推理的否定前件式,是有效的推理。

阅读理解

Lying in the sun on a rock, the cougar(美洲豹)saw Jeb and his son, Tom, before they saw it. Jeb put his bag down quickly and pulled his jacket open with both hands, making himself look big to the cougar. It worked. The cougar hesitated, ready to attack Jeb, but ready to forget the whole thing, too.

Jeb let go of his jacket, grasped Tom and held him across his body, making a cross. Now the cougar’s enemy looked even bigger, and it rose up, ready to move away, but unfortunately Tom got scared and struggled free of Jeb.

“Tom, no!” shouted his father.

But Tom broke and ran and that’s the last thing you do with a cougar. The second Tom broke free, Jeb threw himself on the cougar, just as it jumped from the rock. They hit each other in mid-air and both fell. The cougar was on Jeb in a flash, forgetting about Tom, which was what Jeb wanted.

Cougars are not as big as most people think and a determined man stands a chance, even with just his fists. As the cougar’s claws(爪子)got into his left shoulder, Jeb swung his fist at its eyes and hit hard. The animal howled(吼叫)and put its head back. Jeb followed up with his other fist. Then out of the corner of his eye, Jeb saw Tom. The boy was running back to help his father.

“Knife, Tom” shouted Jeb.

The boy ran to his father’s bag, while Jeb stated shouting as well as hitting, to keep the cougar’s attention away from Tom. Tom got the knife and ran over to Jeb. The cougar was moving its head in and out, trying to find a way through the wall Jeb was making out of his arms. Tom swung with the knife, into the cougar’s back. It howled horribly and ran off into the mountains.

The whole fight had taken about thirty seconds.

小题1:Why did Jeb pull his jacket open when he saw the cougar?

A.To get ready to fight

B.To frighten it away

C.To protect the boy

D.To cool down小题2:What do we know about cougars?

A.They are afraid of noises

B.They hesitate before they hit

C.They are bigger than we think

D.They like to attack running people小题3:How did Jeb try to hold the cougar’s attention?

A.By keeping shouting and hitting

B.By making a wall out of his arms

C.By throwing himself on the cougar

D.By swinging his fists at the cougar’s eyes小题4:Which of the following happened first?

A.The cougar jumped from the rock

B.Tom struggled free of his father

C.Jeb asked Tom to get the knife

D.Jeb held Tom across his body

单项选择题