问题 多项选择题

如图所示,一质量为m的小球套在光滑竖直杆上,轻质弹簧一端固定于O点,另一端与该小球相连,现将小球从A点由静止释放,沿竖直杆运动到B点,已知OA长度小于OB长度,而弹簧处于A、B两位置时弹力大小相等,则()

A.小球由A到B的过程可能一直在加速

B.小球由A到B的过程可能一直在减速

C.在A、B之间存在两个加速度等于重力加速度g的位置

D.小球由A到B的过程中,弹簧弹力做正功时物体运动的距离大于弹簧弹力做负功时物体运动的距离

答案

参考答案:A, C, D

解析:

根据题意OA长度小于OB长度,而弹簧处于A、B两位置时弹力大小相等,因此小球在A点时弹簧处于压缩状态,在B点时,弹簧处于拉伸状态,则小球由A到B的过程中,肯定有一状态弹力为0(弹簧为原长),且由于OA长度小于OB长度,所以此时弹簧与杆不垂直,加速度为g,当弹簧与杆垂直时小球加速度为g,即有两处小球运动的加速度为g,故选项C正确;小球能从A点向下运动,说明小球加速向下运动,故选项B错误;且其重力大于弹簧弹力,只要其劲度系数和O到杆的距离恰当,小球可能一直加速运动,故选项A正确;过O点做杆的垂线,垂足为C,取A关于C的对称点D,再在DB段取点E,使OE-OD=OB-OE,如下图所示,显然,小球到达E点时,弹簧为原长,在AC段、EB段弹簧弹力做负功,在CD段、DE段弹簧弹力做正功,根据图中对称关系可知AC=CD,由于∠ODE>90°,所以DE>EB,即弹簧弹力做正功过程中小球运动的距离大于弹簧弹力做负功过程中小球运动的距离,故选项D正确。

单项选择题

I will never forget the year I was about twelve years old. My mother told us that we would not be (16) Christmas gifts because there was not enough money. I felt sad and thought, "What would I say when the other kids asked what I’ d (17) " Just when I started to (18) that there would not be a Christmas that year, three women (19) at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of (20) that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasn’t (21) . Somebody had thought (22) of me to bring me a gift.

Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my (23) Christmas there special and memorable, I (24) remembered the women’s visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of (25) for as many children as I could possibly reach.

So I (26) a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤儿) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with

toys, clothes, and school supplies, (27) with a child’ s name. We wanted all of them to know they were (28) Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I (29) them that they couldn’t open their presents (30) every child had come forward. Finally the (31) they had been waiting for came as I called out, "One, two, three. Open your presents!" As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles (32) up the room. The (33) in the room was obvious, and (34) wasn’ t just about toys. It was a feeling, and the feeling I knew (35) that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit. I wasn’t forgotten. Somebody thought of me. I matter.

28()

A.fine 

B.special 

C.helpful 

D.normal

单项选择题