问题 问答题 案例分析题

李某,男,25岁,胃脘胀痛3年,加重1个月。答题要求:病史采集题要求根据简要病史口述应如何采集病史。

答案

参考答案:

采集要点

(1)现病史:根据主诉及相关鉴别询问。①详细询问病因,有无饮食不规律、暴饮暴食、吸烟饮酒的情况。②胃痛症状何时加重或改善,与进食的时间关系,有无半夜痛醒的情况。③伴随症状,如恶心、呕吐、反酸、烧心等。④根据"十问歌"询问其他相关症状。⑤诊疗情况,是否曾就诊,做过何种检查,如胃镜,上消化道造影等,诊断及治疗情况如何。

(2)相关病史①既往史,有无消化不良、消化性溃疡等病史。②药物过敏史。本组题考查的重点是胃脘痛的问诊和相关知识问答,针对胃痛首先可以通过问诊辨虚实寒热。喜按为虚,拒按为实;喜热食厚衣为寒,喜凉食口中异味为热。痛无定处,时作时止为气滞;痛有定处,多见刺痛,固定不移为血瘀。西医针对胃痛主要鉴别消化性溃疡(要掌握消化性溃疡的表现特点)、急慢性胃炎,了解有无胃镜检查。

改错题
短文改错(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行作出判断:如无错误,在该行右边横线上画一个勾(∨);如有错误(每行只有一个错误),则按下列情况改正:
此行多一个词:把多余的词作斜线(\)划掉,在该行右边横线上写出该词,并也用斜线划掉。
此行缺一个词:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),在该行右边横线上写出该加的词。
此行错一个词:在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。
注意:原行没有错的不要改。
短文改错
Nowadays more and more people are sending their children, even middle school children, overseas for farther study. Some people think their
 
66            
children can receive a better education and learn foreign language
67            
as well. The most valuable thing is what they can learn to depend
68            
on themselves and improving their understanding of the world.
69            
But some people are not in favour for this. They think studying
70            
abroad cost over ten times as much money as in China. Besides,
71            
children are too young to take care of them. Many parents
72            
worry the safety of their children. What’s more, they might follow bad
73            
examples. In my opinion, the government should set up various schools
74            
and colleges to meet with the needs of people.
75            
单项选择题

It is clear that some chemicals can damage the health of animals and humans. (1) , this is not the only problem that (2) be caused by the careless use of chemicals. Chemicals can also (3) the ecological balance of the environment. If the ecological balance is disturbed, the results can be (4) serious.

The (5) of DDT illustrates the problem. DDT, a chemical which kills insects, at first seemed to be a perfect answer (6) many problems. It would control insects that caused dangerous diseases, (7) insects that caused billions of dollars of damage to crops every year. Governments permitted and even (8) the use of DDT. Farmers in many countries (9) to spray it on their crops. The (10) results were good: Damage to crops (11) down, and profits went up. However, the chemical had effects which the scientists didn’t see in (12) . First, it also killed insects which were the (13) enemies of the harmful insects and which were therefore beneficial to farmers. Second, and perhaps worse, DDT did not kill (14) harmful insect. A few insects had natural resistance to the chemical. They (15) and reproduced in large numbers. In a few years there were large numbers of insects which were not (16) by DDT, and there were (17) insects which could act as natural (18) on these new "super-insects". Finally, it became clear that DDT was not solving the insect problem. In fact, it was making the problem worse. It (19) became necessary to find a second (20) for the effects of the first.

1()

A.Therefore 

B.However 

C.Meanwhile 

D.Besides