问题 填空题

Visitors to Britain may find the best place to sample local culture is in a traditional pub. But these friendly hostelries can be minefields of potential gaffes for the uninitiated.
An anthropologist and a team of researchers have (1) some of the arcane rituals of British pubs—starting with the (2) of getting a drink. Most pubs have no waiters—you (3) to go to the bar to buy drinks. A group of Italian youths (4) for 45 minutes before they realized they would have to (5) for their own. This may sound inconvenient, but there is a (6) purpose.
Pub culture is designed to (7) sociability in a society known for its reserve. Standing at the (8) for service allows you to chat with others (9) to be served. The bar counter is possibly the only (10) in the British Isles in which friendly conversation with (11) is considered entirely appropriate and really quite normal (12) . "If you haven’t been to a pub, you (13) been to Britain." This tip can be found in a (14) , Passport to the Pub: The Tourists’ Guide to Pub Etiquette, a (15) code of conduct for those wanting to sample "a central part of (16) life and culture". The trouble is that if you do not (17) the local rules, the experience may fall flat. For (18) , if you are in a big group, it is best if only one (19) two people go to buy the drinks. Nothing irritates the (20) customers and bar staff more than a gang of strangers blocking all access to the bar while they chat and dither about what to order.

答案

参考答案:regular

解析:根据全文的语境,这里丢掉的无疑是与new相对的regular。

解答题
单项选择题

1986年的诺贝尔经济学奖得主布坎南教授可以说是学术界的一位奇人。他以经济学的工具分析政治现象,一手开创了一门新的研究领域,大大地扩充了经济学的视野。他的为人处世也很特立独行:在报纸杂志上以老妪能解的笔调撰文载道,花很多时间和同事后进切磋琢磨。这和一般成名的经济学家离世索居,在象牙塔里经营学问大不相同。
布坎南曾在夏威夷大学作过一系列的专题演讲,其中有一次,他用一个亲身经验来阐释人类经济活动的本质:和大多数美国人一样,布坎南喜欢看美式足球,对每年一月的季候决赛更是不能错过。可是,虽然每场比赛正式的时间只有60分钟,一旦加上犯规、换场、中场休息、伤停、教练叫停等等,一场下来总要耗掉三个半小时到四个小时。他觉得在电视机前花这么长的时间很浪费,有点罪恶感。可是球赛实在好看,弃之不忍。最后他想出了一个有点阿Q的做法:他把后院拾来的两大桶核桃搬到客厅里。一边看电视,一边敲核桃(大概也顺便吃几个)。看完一场比赛,他也弄完一小堆的核桃仁。
事实上,布坎南一边看、一边敲、一边还问自己:为什么长时间坐在电视机前会让他有罪恶感为什么西方资本主义社会强调工作而排斥休闲只要不干扰别人,游手好闲有什么不好诺贝尔奖得主毕竟不同凡响。经过一番“推敲”、“咀嚼”,布坎南悟出了一个道理:社会赞许工作,是因为工作不只是对个人有好处,对其他的人也好。我种菜,你养猪,然后我们经由交易,可以互蒙其利而皆大欢喜。这样要比你我自己既要养猪、又要种菜来得好。专业化的生产对自己、对别人、对大家,都好。相反地,如果一个人饱食终日、无所事事,那么他自己的得失之外,别人也享受不到他从事生产带来的“交易价值”。因此,布坎南觉得西方社会对“生产”、“工作”赋予道德上正面的价值,直接间接地促进了资本主义的发展和社会的进步。
有人在溪边看到小鱼在水里力争上游而体会出一些生命的意义;布坎南看美式足球而悟出了人类经济活动的本质。有为者亦若是,下次我帮儿子喂奶换尿布时也不要再嘀咕抱怨,我可要好好地动动我的脑筋才是!
(节选自熊秉元《寻找心中的那把尺》,西南财经大学出版社,1997)

布坎南所阐释的人类经济活动的本质是:

A.珍惜时间

B.获得社会赞许

C.交易各方互蒙其利

D.满足精神需求