问题 问答题 简答题

系统设计的原则是什么?

答案

参考答案:

系统设计总的原则是保证系统设计目标的实现,并在此基础上使技术资源的运用达到最佳。在进行系统设计过程中,应遵循以下原则。

(1)系统性原则

在系统设计中,要从整个系统的角度进行考虑,使系统有统一的信息代码、统一的数据组织方法、统一的设计规范和标准,以提高系统的设计质量。

(2)经济性原则

经济性原则是指在满足系统要求的前提下,尽可能减少系统的费用支出。一方面,在系统硬件投资上不能盲目追求技术上的先进,而应以满足系统应用需要为前提。另一方面,系统设计应避免不必要的复杂化,各模块应尽可能简洁,以便缩短处理流程,减少处理时间。

(3)可靠性原则

可靠性既是评价系统设计质量的一个重要指标,又是系统设计的一个基本出发点。只有设计出的系统是安全可靠的,才能在实际中发挥它应有的作用。一个成功的管理信息系统必须具有较高的可靠性,如安全保密性、检错及纠错能力、抗病毒能力、系统恢复能力等。

(4)简单性原则

在系统达到预定目标、完成规定功能的前提下,应该尽量简单。具体来说,在设计过程中,要设法减少数据输入的次数和数量,提高系统中数据的共享性;要使操作简单化,使用户容易理解操作的步骤和要求,确保用户的主动地位;系统结构清晰合理,易于理解和维护。

(5)灵活性原则

系统对外界环境的变化要有很强的适应能力,系统容易修改和维护。因此系统设计人员要有一定的预见性,要从通用的角度考虑系统设计。

完形填空
A few weeks ago, I followed a friend into an art supply store.I found him picking out tubes of water-color paint, which __36__ me because he’s not an artist.
"I   37  up for a water-color class, and it starts next week," he said."I really don’t have  38_ for it, but it was on my list of 50 things to do before I die, so I _39__ it.Every few months I look at the list and decide what to focus on next. 40  I had the list, I complained a lot about what I was  41 _ in my life.Now I just bury myself in doing these things.Write your own list.and you’ll   42  what I mean."
So that night.I did just that, and he was right.The list revealed (显露出) a whole lot about what was __43__ to me.It also revealed how _44___ behind I am at getting to the things I really want.
I filled up the first twenty __45__ quickly, but then began to think carefully.
Eventually I __46_ items I’ve thought about for years, and __47__ I’ve carried with me since I was young.When I  48  the list later, some entries surprised me.
First, I want to _ 49_ much more, particularly now that my children are   50_ and can go with me to see the world.I would like to take them to bike through Denmark and camp in the Canadian Rockies.
I’m also surprised to _51_ some things on the list that need to be done soon.If I’m going to learn to roller-blade (轮滑), __52_, I’d better start before I turn 50.
Like my friend, I now have an alternative to __53__.When I’m bored with life, I take out my list.
My friend told me the _54_ was preparing the ground so that life could work in mysterious ways."If you want your ship to come in, you must build a dock (码头)," he said.
Thanks to my _55__, I’m working on some big docks.
小题1:
A.surprisedB.movedC.pleasedD.excited
小题2:
A.madeB.took C.signedD.gave
小题3:
A.interestB.concernC.timeD.emotion
小题4:
A.went forB.called forC.accounted forD.cared for
小题5:
A.BecauseB.AfterC.BeforeD.Although
小题6:
A.doingB.missingC.pushedD.engaged
小题7:
A.admireB.abolishC.spotD.see
小题8:
A.importantB.strangeC.beneficialD.special
小题9:
A.slightlyB.slowlyC.possiblyD.hopelessly
小题10:
A.thoughtsB.listsC.ideasD.blanks
小题11:
A.studiedB.addedC.droppedD.obtained
小题12:
A.burdensB.challengesC.dreamsD.responsibilities
小题13:
A.reviewedB.discoveredC.wroteD.appreciated
小题14:
A.playB.relaxC.travelD.hike.
小题15:
A.wealthierB.clevererC.healthierD.older
小题16:
A.writeB.putC.findD.leave
小题17:
A.such asB.for instanceC.in factD.in particular
小题18:
A.complainingB.relaxing C.objectingD.adjusting
小题19:
A.problem B.keyC.answerD.question
小题20:
A.hobbies B.optimism C.list D.wishes
单项选择题