The extraordinary Eastgate Building in Harare, Zimbabwe’s capital city, is said to be the only one in the world to use the same cooling and heating principles as the termite mound(白蚁堆).
Architect Mick Pearce used precisely the same strategy when designing the Eastgate Building, which has no air-conditioning and almost no heating. The building—the country’s largest commercial and shopping complex—uses less than 10% of the energy of a conventional building of its size. The Eastgate’s owners saved $3.5 million on a $36 million building because an air-conditioning plant didn’t have to be imported.
The complex is actually two buildings linked by bridges across a shady, glass-roofed atrium(天井) open to the air. Fans suck fresh air in from the atrium, blow it upstairs through hollow spaces under the floors and from there into each office through baseboard vents(通风口). As it rises and warms, it is drawn out via ceiling vents and finally exists through forty-eight brick chimneys.
During summer’s cool nights, big fans blow air through the building seven times an hour to cool the empty floors. By day, smaller fans blow two changes of air an hour through the building, to circulate the air which has been in contact with the cool floors. For winter days, there are small heaters in the vents.
This is all possible only because Harare is 1600 feet above sea level, has cloudless skies, little dampness and rapid temperature swings—days as warm as 31℃ commonly drop to 14℃ at night. “You couldn’t do this in New York, with its fantastically hot summers and fantastically cold winters,” Pearce said.
The engineering firm of Ove Arup&Partners monitors daily temperatures. It is found that the temperature of the building has generally stayed between 23℃ and 25℃, with the exception of the annual hot period just before the summer rains in October and three days in November, when a doorkeeper accidentally switched off the fans at night. And the air is fresh—far more so than in air-conditioned building, where up to 30% of the air is recycled.
小题1:What’s the meaning of “complex” in the second paragraph?
A．Something that is difficult to understand.
B．A group of buildings together in one place.
C．A group of things that are connected.
D．A mental state that is not normal.小题2:How is fresh air from outside drawn out?
A．By fans.
B．Via ceiling vents.
C．Through chimneys.
D．Via ceiling vents and through chimneys.小题3:What is NOT the factor that makes Eastgate Building work well?
A．Skies without clouds.
B．Little dampness.
C．Daily rapid temperature changes
D．Seasonal rapid temperature changes.小题4:In general, how is the daily temperature of the building?
A．It changes in a certain range with some exception.
B．It changes from one extreme to another.
C．It remains the same without any exception.
D．It is hard to endure.小题5:What’s the main idea of the passage?
A．The engineering firm of Ove Arup&Partners.
B．How air-conditioning works.
C．Fans make Eastgate Building’s temperature comfortable.
D．How Eastgate Building’s temperature control system works.
