问题 单项选择题

安东尼:据确认,服用海洛因的人当中超过80%都有吸大麻的历史,这样的证据好像可以证实,吸大麻毫无疑问会导致服用海洛因。
朱迪思:或许吸大麻确实会导致吸海洛因,但考虑引用这些统计数字去证实确实如此是很荒谬的。毕竟,服用海洛因的人100%地都有喝过水的历史。
朱迪思对安东尼的论述的回答依赖于下面哪一个论证技巧( )

A.提供证据表明安东尼所引用的支持他的结论的统计数据是不准确的。

B.通过表明它是一个可以推导出荒唐后果的陈述来削弱他的结论的可信度。

C.通过表明这样的推理将导致一个明显的错误结果来表明安东尼的推理是有缺陷的。

D.提供一个例子表明,并非诱使服用海洛因的任何东西都是不安全的。

答案

参考答案:C

解析:

[分析]: 朱迪思是这样回答安东尼的:
如果从服用海洛因的人当中超过80%都有吸大麻的历史这样的证据可以推出吸大麻会导致服用海洛因,那么也就可以从服用海洛因的人当中100%地都有喝过水的历史这样的证据推出喝水会导致服用海洛因。很明显,朱迪思的论证的技巧是使用了归谬法。
选项B不正确。因为朱迪思要论证的是安东尼的推理不正确,而不是要论证安东尼的推理的结论不正确。

阅读理解

Astronauts on shorter shuttle missions often work very long days. Tasks are scheduled so tightly that break times are often used to finish the day's work. This type of schedule is far too demanding for long missions on the International Space Station (ISS). ISS crewmembers usually live in space for at least a quarter of a year. They work five days on and two days off to mimic the normal way they do things on Earth as much as possible. Weekends give the crew valuable time to rest and do a few hours of housework. They can communicate with family and friends by email, internet phone and through private video conferences.

While astronauts cannot go to a baseball game or a movie in orbit, there are many familiar activities that they can still enjoy. Before a mission, the family and friends of each ISS crewmember put together a collection of family photos, messages, videos and reading material for the astronauts to look at when they will be floating 370 kilometers above the Earth. During their mission, the crew also receives care packages with CDs, books, magazines, photos and letters. And as from early 2010, the internet became available on the ISS, giving astronauts the chance to do some "web surfing" in their personal time. Besides relaxing with these more common entertainments, astronauts can simply enjoy the experience of living in space.

Many astronauts say that one of the most relaxing things to do in space is to look out the window and stare at the universe and the Earth. Both the shuttle and the ISS circle the planet several times each day, and every moment offers a new view of the Earth's vast land mass and oceans.

小题1:What does the word "mimic" in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A.copy

B.find

C.change

D.lose小题2:Which of the following best describes the families of the astronauts on the ISS?

A.They are impatient and annoyed.

B.They are worried and upset.

C.They are caring and thoughtful.

D.They are excited and curious.小题3:In the final paragraph, the author shows that astronauts ________.

A.love to see the Earth from space

B.find living in space a bit boring and tiring

C.regard space life as common

D.get more pleasure in space than on the Earth小题4:The passage mainly discusses how astronauts ________.

A.work for longer missions in space

B.spend their free time in space

C.observe the Earth from space

D.connect with people on the Earth

单项选择题